ca. 1835-1904
Guide to the Collection
Restrictions on Access
Users of this collection must contact the reference librarian before their visit.
Abstract
This collection consists of spoons collected by Hermann Jackson Warner and his wife Mary Poyntell Staley Warner.
Biographical Sketch
Hermann Jackson Warner (1831-1916) was born on 15 Feb. 1831, the son of William Augustus Warner and Sarah Inches Cobb Warner. After completing his studies at the Boston Latin School, he attended Harvard College, where he received his A.B. in 1850 and his LL.B. in 1852. Upon his graduation from Law School, Warner studied in the law offices of Sohier and Welch, located at 9 Tremont Street. Due to poor health, Hermann Jackson Warner moved to Europe in 1869. On 13 June 1883, Warner married Mary Poyntell Staley (1842-1919), the daughter of Andrew Staley and Rebecca Cladcleugh Staley of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; they had no children. As American expatriates, the Warners resided at Dresden, Germany, from about 1869 until their respective deaths. They traveled extensively throughout Europe and, during the summer of 1887, visited India and Japan. Late in life, Hermann Jackson Warner wrote two books documenting his travels, European Years: the Letters of an Idle Man (1911) and New Letters of an Idle Man (1913). On 2 Dec. 1916, he died at Geneva, Switzerland; his wife died in Geneva on 10 Sep. 1919. Their ashes are interred in the Warner/Bates family lot (#708) at Mount Auburn Cemetery, Cambridge, Mass.
Collection Description
This collection consists of spoons assembled by Hermann Jackson Warner and his wife Mary Poyntell Staley Warner. The Warners were avid travelers, and many of the spoons in the collection were collected by Mrs. Warner as souvenirs; others were given to Hermann Jackson Warner as a child. The spoons display a wide range of techniques and materials, including plique-à-jour and cloisonné.
Arrangement Note
Spoons are arranged according to their original accession number order.
Acquisition Information
Bequest of Hermann Jackson Warner, 1905.
Restrictions on Access
Users of this collection must contact the reference librarian before their visit.
Detailed Description of the Collection
Scandinavian souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Silver spoon, 14 cm in length, with oval bowl having engraved line/dot decorations and short, flat handle with raised decorative elements. Geometrically pierced finial with 7 rings loosely attached at end. Marks: 2 crossed keys / 3 circles in pyramid formation / GL [?] within square cartouche.Romanov Coronation commemorative spoon, 1896.
Gilt metal spoon, 16.7 cm in length, with cloisonné enamel work on back of bowl and on handle, including round, enameled finial. Engraved on handle: 14 Mai 1896.Harvard College souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Sterling silver spoon, 11.1 cm in length. Bowl has embossed design of the John Harvard statue. Thin handle with circular station in the middle leading to finial of the Harvard seal "Veritas," with red enamel highlights. Back of finial has "HC" within scrollwork. Marked "Sterling."Gloucester, Mass. souvenir spoon, undated, late 19th c.
Manufactured by A. W. Flye.Sterling spoon, 15 cm in length, with plain elongated oval bowl, handle embossed with "Gloucester, Mass." Finial in the form of a fish. Engraved on back of handle "J. S.W."Sailboat spoon, undated.
Cast silver spoon, 12.5 cm in length, with deep oval bowl having city crest and hallmarks on front. Probably made in Amsterdam. Twisted wire handle with winged head midway and a three dimensional finial of sailboat with sailor blowing a post horn.Israel Putnam commemorative spoon, 19th c.
Manufactured by Wood & Hughes, New York.Sterling silver spoon, 14 cm in length, with flat, round bowl having narrow edge and sepia transfer enamel print of a mounted Putnam, sword in hand. Flat handle with rounded tip and scrolls along edges, front and back. Engraved on back of bowl: "Genl. Putnam's Ride / Apr. 26, 1779". Marks: W [sideways 3] H within rectangular cartouche / STERLING within rectangular cartouche / MARCY.Duluth, Minn., souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Sterling silver spoon, 13.5 cm in length, depicting Duluth landmarks, including bridges, Lester Park, and Masonic Temple on both sides of the handle. Marked "P & W Co.", "Sterling."Caddy spoon, undated.
Caddy spoon, 12.2 cm in length, with leaf-shaped bowl; leaf and branch design for handle. No marks.Caddy spoon, undated.
Caddy spoon, 13.4 cm in length, with embossed design of two men standing between a tree and a house. Heart design on finial, which is topped by a three dimensional rooster.Florence, Italy, souvenir spoon, ca. 1856.
Silver spoon, 11.4 cm in length, with round shallow bowl, engraved with fiordaliso (fleur de lis) and "Quattrini Cento 1856, Fiorino." Bowl topped by a winged Cupid's head, twisted handle, surmounted by a three dimensional Eros carrying a dolphin. Back of bowl hand-engraved "Firenze."Souvenir spoon, undated.
Cast pewter spoon, 12.3 cm in length, long oval bowl with thin reverse scroll handle ending in three dimensional finial of turbaned woman’s head topped by feathers.Christopher Columbus commemorative spoon, 19th c.
Silver spoon, 13.7 cm in length, with vermeil bowl in form of elongated shell with deep scallops. Handle spring from winged cherub’s head, twisting to finial, a three dimensional full length figure of Columbus with anchor.Teaspoon, undated.
Sterling teaspoon, 14.3 cm in length, with fancy scrollwork handle.Gorgon salt spoon, 19th c.
Salt spoon, 10.3 cm in length, plain bowl, with twisted handle, ending in finial of the Trinacria, symbol of Sicily, composed of the head of the Gorgon, whose hair is entwined serpents with ears of corn, from which radiate the three legs bent at the knee.Souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Sterling spoon, 11.9 cm in length, with three dimensional finial of an unidentified saint or apostle. Figure of a bird on handle above plain bowl.Spoon, undated.
Small silver spoon, 11 cm in length, with heart-shaped bowl, twisted handle, ending in a three dimensional orb at top. No marks.Harpy spoon, undated.
Silver spoon, 12 cm in length, with shallow pear-shaped bowl and handle in the form of a harpy with three dimensional finial of a gargoyle or devil.German spoon, undated.
Small silver spoon, 10.4 cm in length, with plain bowl, thin handle with scrollwork, topped with a figure wearing a robe, arms outstretched, holding a book. Stamped "Munchen" on back of bowl.Souvenir spoon, undated.
Spoon, 12.8 cm in length, with plain bowl, handle in the form of a tree, with bear climbing up it. Possibly manufactured in Augsburg.Johann Georg III coin spoon, undated.
Souvenir coin spoon, 15.5 cm in length, with round bowl, engraved on front "12 / EINEN / THAL / 1691," with legend "SAC.R.I.ARCHIIM.& ELECT" around front rim. Back has engraved crest surrounded by legend "IOH.GEORG.III. DCD.SAX. I.C.M.A. &W." Twisted wire handle, ending in heart finial.Scalloped spoon, undated.
Small spoon, 9.2 cm in length, with deep scalloped round bowl, finial of a flower basket within an oval, topped by a bow.Windmill souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 12.2 cm in length, with functional windmill finial, three dimensional figure of a bird atop windmill. Bowl has crest of Amsterdam, handle is twisted and has a full-length figure and skull and cross bones above bowl.Windmill souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Souvenir spoon, 13 cm in length, with functional windmill finial, three dimensional bird atop windmill. Deep oval bowl with windmill scene, figural handle, below twisted wire.Spoon with three dimensional rose, 19th c.
Small spoon, 11.4 cm in length, plain oval bow, handle in the form of a rose stem with leaves; full opened rose finial with leaves. Probably English in manufacture.Souvenir spoon, undated.
Spoon, 12.8 cm in length, with shallow oval bowl bearing a crest with lion and crown. Figural handle, topped with twisted wire, non-functional windmill finial. Possibly manufactured in Amsterdam.Salt spoon, 1891.
Spoon, 9 cm in length, with heart-shaped bowl, engraved inside with foliate design, thin handle with flower finial. English in manufacture.Washington, D.C. souvenir spoon, before 1904.
Manufactured by Campbell Metcalf Silver Co., Providence, R.I.Spoon, 15 cm in length, has oval bowl with view of the U. S. Capitol. Handle (front) bears images of George Washington, Mt. Vernon and Washington’s tomb (top to bottom). Back of handle has finial of the federal eagle above an image of Washington chopping down the cherry tree, above the Washington Monument.Saratoga Springs souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Manufactured by J. E. Caldwell & Co., Philadelphia.Spoon, 13 cm in length, of cast silver, with a flattened oval bowl with raised design of Native Americans in forest settings. Handle in the form of an arrow, pointing towards three dimensional final of Native American with longbow.Souvenir spoon, undated.
Spoon, 12.1 cm in length, with Crucifixion scene finial. Cast silver, vermeil bowl with engraved Alpine view of back. Corded handle with two scrolled areas. Possibly of Bavarian manufacture.Irish souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 11.6 cm in length, with pierced shamrock finial. Cast handle and finial with vermeil oval bowl with marks on back. Handle in the form of a vine with shamrocks at top.Nantasket souvenir spoon, between 1890 and 1918.
Manufactured by Cotting Brothers & Heilborn, Attleboro, Mass.Spoon, 10 cm in length, oval bowl has an engraved scene of Nantasket. Handle features a fish, starfish, and clamshell.Souvenir spoon from Scheveningen, 19th c.
Spoon, 9.4 cm in length, round vermeil bowl with engraved image of a woman in hat, with legend "Herinnering aan Scheveningen." Finial of a shamrock and thistle.Souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 13.1 cm in length, with bird finial (crane or heron?). Small oval vermeil bowl, handle featuring scroll work, topped by a pedestal atop which the bird stands.Souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Souvenir spoon, 13.2 cm in length, plain oval vermeil bowl, scrollwork handle, topped by a crucifixion scene finial.German souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 15.4 cm in length, round vermeil bowl features image of towers and a bridge [Munich?], reverse of bowl engraved in shell design. Fancy scrollwork handle, with cherub and crown finial. Marked: "800"Swiss souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 10.1 cm in length, a souvenir of Geneva. Plain vermeil oval bowl, with crest of Geneva (Eagle and Key of St. Peter’s) on crest and finial.Souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 13.5 cm in length, with oval bowl features village scene, handle has cherub beneath the half-length figure of a man in a hat, topped by a finial featuring the image of a saint.Boston Tea Party commemorative spoon, between 1863 and 1923.
Manufactured by Bigelow, Kennard & Co.Spoon, 13.1 cm in length, with rounded bowl featuring a scene of costumed colonists throwing tea overboard. Plain handle, topped with full-length figure of a Native American with longbow. Hand engraved on back of bowl: "J. F. W."Souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 12.9 cm in length, with oval bowl. Handle with foliate design topped by finial of St. George slaying a dragon. Marked "800" on back of bowl.Souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 11.3 cm in length, oval vermeil bowl, handle in the form of a vine, ending in oval floral finial, within which a small bell is suspended. Marked "800" on back of bowl.Salt spoons, 19th c.
Pair of plique-à-jour salt spoons, 6 cm in length. Bowl in the form of a leaf with green enamel, small blue forget-me-nots as finials.Christmas spoon, 1892.
Sterling spoon, 15.5 cm in length. Oval bowl engraved with nativity scene, with legend "Peace on earth Good will toward men." Handle has embossed design of holly with "Christmas" embossed. Finial is of Santa with a bag of toys on his back. Back hand engraved "J.S.W."Cloisonne spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 11.5 cm in length, with forget-me-not design on bowl and front and back of finial. Thin handle with blue beaded cloisonné design. Stamped "925.8" on back of bowl.Cloisonne spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 14.8 cm in length, with design on flattened round bowl; handle engraved with vine design. The finial in the form of a cloisonné crescent moon and star.Plique-à-jour spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 10.5 cm in length, with design on finial and bowl; twisted rope handle.Enameled spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 13 cm in length. Oval bowl features a pastoral scene of seated lovers; handle has enameled floral design; finial has face enclosed in enameled scrollwork.Plique-à-jour spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 12 cm in length, with lion, unicorn and dragon design in bowl. Twisted handle with blue enamel design; lion within a teardrop-shaped finial.Plique-à-jour spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 10.3 cm in length, with forget me not design in oval bowl and finial. Twisted rope handle.Plique-à-jour spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 11 cm in length, with blue and red floral design in bowl and finial. Thin plain handle is wrapped in a twisted "ribbon" of plique-a-jour.Cloisonné spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 11 cm in length, with plain bowl, handle design in red and blue enamel, fan-design finial. Back of spoon (bowl and handle) fully enameled in red, blue and green.Atlanta, Georgia, souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 14.1 cm in length, with enameled design of watermelon on bowl, finial of a black man and green leaves also enameled. "ATLANTA" engraved on handle.Enameled spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 13.7 cm in length, with primitive designs of country folk and trees on both sides of oval bowl and finial.Kaiser Wilhelm commemorative spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 13.8 cm in length. Crest of Sachsen in enamel on bowl of spoon, banner reading "Dresden" below finial design of Kaiser Wilhelm in left profile.Madonna and Child spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 11.8 cm in length, with Virgin and Child finial. Oval gilt bowl, twisted handle and finial of enameled portrait of the Virgin and Child within beaded oval frame.Spoon, 19th c.
Vermeil spoon, 11.8 cm in length, with mother of pearl handle, floral finial.Rome, Italy, souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 12 cm in length. Enameled depiction of the coliseum in pear-shaped bowl, with legend "Roma." Cherub topped by twisted handle ending in three dimensional finial design of she-wolf suckling Romulus and Remus. Back of bowl engraved in shell design.Marienbad souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 11.7 cm in length, with enamel painting of the spa in oval bowl of spoon. "Marienbad" engraved on shield shaped finial.America's Cup commemorative spoon, 1895.
Manufactured by K & S Co.Spoon, 15 cm in length, commemorating the Defender's victory in the America’s Cup race. Design of sailboat on vermeil bowl. Handle has ornate design of the trophy as finial.Marienbad souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 12.5 cm in length, with enameled city crest on finial, with banner reading "Marienbad" below. Spoon has enameled portrait of a young woman.Cloisonne spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 11.8 cm in length, round bowl, with enameled design on back, twisted handle, decorative scalloped crescent-shaped finial with red and blue enameled design on white background.Venice, Italy, souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 13.4 cm in length, gilded and enameled, with pointed oval bowl with enameled design surrounding painting of Venetian scene. Harpy figure connects bowl to twisted handle, atop which is a winged lion, the symbol of VeniceLeipzig souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 12.4 cm in length, with enameled painted oval bowl with architectural scene, decorative handle with wrapped banner "Leipzig". Finial of city shield. Gilded "800" silver.Plique-à-jour spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 13.5 cm in length, in the form of a tree. Twig-shaped handle, pointed oval bowl with green enamel and gilded leaf design.Plique-à-jour spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 10.7 cm in length with plain oval bowl, twisted handle leading to decorative paisley plique-a-jour design.Salt spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 7.8 cm in length, round bowl, with cloisonné design on back. Handle has white and blue enamel design.Cloisonné spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 11.9 cm in length, plain bowl with design in turquoise, red and white on back of bowl, turquoise enamel design on handle.Plique-à-jour spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 11.8 cm in length, with floral design on bowl and handle. Finial design of winged cherub.Enamelled spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 12 cm in length, enamel design of bird in pointed oval bowl; dragonfly and flowers on finial. Plain back stamped "900."Marienbad souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Vermeil spoon, 11.9 cm in length, with silver twist handle ending in three dimensional cup having enameled design of German double-headed eagle crest on front and ribbon bearing the legend "Marienbad" on back. Plain pointed oval bowl.Russian enamel spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 11.3 cm in length, with sharp oval vermeil bowl with enamel design on back of bowl only. Handle has enameled design in red, blue and white.Spoon, undated.
Silver plate spoon, 10.8 cm in length, with vermeil bowl and finial. Elongated oval bowl with art nouveau vegetative handle ending in cherub finial grasping a pair of ovals inset with faceted garnets.Dresden souvenir spoons, 19th c.
Set of four miniature enameled spoons, 4.3 cm in length, each with crest bearing a lion atop banner reading "Dresden." The bowl of each spoon features a different architectural scene. Each finial topped with a loop for suspension.Egyptian souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 12 cm in length, has round vermeil bowl with view of the Great Pyramids. Stylized lotus leaf attaches handle to flat sarcophagus finial. Stamped on back "Buys Badollet".Egyptian souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 13.5 cm in length has pointed oval bowl with "Buys Badollet" stamped in center. Lotus leaf design leading to ribbed handle, atop which is a rose gold plated full-length Egyptian mummy figure.Italian souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 12.6 cm in length, has small plain oval bowl attached by harpy to twisted handle with three dimensional finial of a reclining lion facing a round shield with a cross on it.Italian souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 12.6 cm in length, has small plain oval bowl attached by harpy to twisted handle with three dimensional finial of a standing bear grasping a bar from which is suspended a rose gold chain.Italian souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 12.6 cm in length, has small plain oval bowl attached by harpy to twisted handle with three dimensional finial of an eagle displayed within full wreath atop bound fasces and legend "SPQR."Italian souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 13.1 cm in length, has small plain oval bowl attached by harpy to twisted handle with three dimensional finial of the she-wolf suckling Romulus and Remus. Legend "SPQR" below.Italian souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Silver spoon, 13.1 cm in length, with deeply fluted oval bowl attached to twisted handle by harpy and ending in chiseled ornate fiordaliso (fleur de lis) finial, the crest of the city of Florence.Vatican souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 11 cm in length, with engraved profile of Pius VI. Legend "Pius Sextus Pont. Max. A VIII." Twisted silver handle with finial of 3 orbs stacked in triangle. Engraving very faint.Souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 10.5 cm in length, with engraved profile of Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor. Legend "LEOP.II.D.G.P.R.H. ET B.A.A.M.D.ETR." Twisted silver handle with finial of 3 orbs stacked in triangle. Back of bowl has legend "NOST. DEVS SV SCEPTOR" around crest. Engraving very faint.Vatican souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 11 cm in length, with engraved profile of Pius IX. Legend "PIVS IX PON MAX. AN XXI." Back of bowl "1 LIRA 1869." Twisted silver handle with finial of 3 orbs stacked in triangle.Vatican souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 10.5 cm in length, with engraved profile of Pius IX. Legend "PIVS IX PON M. A. XXIII." Back of bowl "1 LIRA 1869." Twisted silver handle with finial of 3 orbs stacked in triangle.Vatican souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 10.8 cm in length, with engraved crest of Clement II. Legend "CLEMENS XII PONT M. A. VI." Back of bowl "A.A.A. / F.F. / RESTITVTVM / COMMERC." Twisted silver handle with finial of 3 orbs stacked in triangle.Vatican souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Spoon, 10.8 cm in length, with engraved crest of Clement II. Legend "CLEMENS XII PONT M. A. VI." Engraving on back of bowl effaced. Twisted silver handle with finial of 3 orbs stacked in triangle.Florence, Italy, souvenir spoon, 19th c.
Manufactured by U. Frilli.Spoon, 15.5 cm in length, with plain oval vermeil bowl, seated harpy and dolphin on handles, which ends in a three dimensional final of winged Mercury. Stamped "U. Frilli Firenze" on back of bowl.Leif Erickson commemorative spoon, 1891.
Sold by Daniel Low & Co., Salem, Mass., patented 1891.Spoon, 15 cm in length, has bowl with embossed design of Norse ship. Ornately scrolled handle, ending in finial of full-length figure of Leif Erickson, arm raised, looking out into the distance. Back of handle embossed "Leif AD 1000." Stamped "Daniel Low," "Sterling." Hand-engraved "J. S. W."Salem witch souvenir spoon, 1891.
Sold by Daniel Low & Co., Salem, Mass.Orange spoon, 14.2 cm in length, has elongated trefoil bowl, with cat at top, leading to handle embossed "Salem 1692". Finial of a witch and crescent moon. Back stamped "Sterling", "Daniel Low." Back of handle hand engraved "J.S.W."Figural spoon, undated.
Spoon, 15.4 cm in length, with plain oval vermeil bowl, twisted handle, ending in three dimensional figures of winged cherub and a man in Revolutionary garb. No marks.Serving spoon, undated.
Gold-plated serving spoon, 17.2 cm in length, flattened oval bowl with ridge down center, engraved foliate design. Fancy scrollwork on handle, leading to twisted handle, flat finial.Augustus II commemorative spoon, 19th c.
Gilt 800 silver spoon, 26.5 cm in length, has heart shaped bowl with chased decoration leading to ornate handle with coat of arts, crown, plaque with legend "Augustus II. Rex. Pol. Dux. Sax. Elect. 1670-1733." Surmounted by a large relief figure of Augustus II.Frederick the Great commemorative spoon, 19th c.
Gilt 800 silver spoon, 27.8 cm in length, has heart shaped bowl with chased decoration leading to ornate handle with crowned eagle cartouche, plaque with legend "Fredericus Borussorum Rex 1740-1786." Surmounted by large relief figure of Frederick the Great.Decorative spoon, 19th c.
Cast silver spoon, 18.3 cm in length, with pierced bowl design of nativity scene with magi. Bowl border a garland of flowers. Handle ornate twisted vines issuing from open scroll and ending in same, supporting three dimensional finial of a pair of lovers.Decorative spoon, undated.
Cast silver spoon, 20 cm in length, vermeil bowl win scallop design with details, front and back. Handle of 3 ornate reverse curves surmounted by cherub holding aloft a finial of crowned empty crest (similar to Spoon 02.1254).Decorative spoon, undated.
Decorative cast silver spoon, 24.5 cm in length, all pierced work. Center of elongated bowl has seated cherub, reading a book supported on his crossed leg. The whole within a fantasy of putti, birds, flowers, satyr’s head and scroll work. Handle is large angel’s head with scrolls and birds supporting more scrolls with two figures holding finial of feathers. No marks.Tea strainer, undated.
Decorative gilt tea strainer, 15.65 cm in length, pierced bowl with floral design. Rim and handle made of individual coins.Serving spoon, undated.
Decorative serving spoon, 19.3 cm in length, with finial of a gentleman in colonial garb, with walking stick. Narrow handle leading to scalloped oval bowl, engraved in a linear pattern. No marks.Serving spoon, between 1835 and 1837.
Manufactured by Cary Boynton & Woodford, Boston.Coin silver serving spoon, 23.2 cm in length, with pointed oval bowl, flat handle, and rounded finial. Illegible initials hand engraved on back of handle. Stamped "Cary Boynton & Woodford."Serving spoon, undated.
Silver serving spoon, 19.8 cm in length, with egg-shaped vermeil bowl, flat handle leading to scroll finial. Marked on back with "N" and knight’s helmet with two stars stamp. Engraved on back of finial "H.D.S. Ao. 1693."Preferred Citation
Hermann Jackson Warner and Mary Poyntell Staley Warner spoon collection, Massachusetts Historical Society.
Access Terms
This collection is indexed under the following headings in ABIGAIL, the online catalog of the Massachusetts Historical Society. Researchers desiring materials about related persons, organizations, or subjects should search the catalog using these headings.