1867-1964
Guide to the Collection
Restrictions on Access
The bulk of the Blake family papers is stored offsite and must be requested at least two business days in advance via Portal1791. Researchers needing more than six items from offsite storage should provide additional advance notice. If you have questions about requesting materials from offsite storage, please contact the reference desk at 617-646-0532 or reference@masshist.org.
Abstract
This collection contains family papers of inventor and physicist Francis Blake (1850-1913), mainly correspondence of his wife Elizabeth (Hubbard) Blake and their children Agnes (later Fitzgerald) and Benjamin S. Blake. Also included are financial papers, medical papers, and materials relating to landscaping by the Olmsted Brothers at the family estate, Keewaydin.
Biographical Sketches
Francis Blake (1812-1879)
Francis Blake married in 1842 Caroline Burling Trumbull (1820-1880), and together they had five children: Francis Arthur Blake (1843-1845); Elizabeth Chandler Blake (1845-1845); Louisa Trumbull Blake (1846-1920), who married Charles Bartlett Wells and had a daughter, Louisa Wells (b. 1869); Charles Henry Mills Blake (1848-1921), who married in 1871 Margaret Swasey and had William Swasey Blake (b. 1878) and Charles Blake (b. 1881); and Francis Blake (1850-1913).
Charles Townsend Hubbard (1817-1887)
Charles Townsend Hubbard married for the first time in 1845 Louisa Bowman Sewall (1821-1853), and together they had four children: Louisa Sewall Hubbard (b. 1846), who married 1st John Cotton Jackson (and 2nd in 1901 Ferdinand Eugene Canda) and had Louisa Sewall Jackson (b. 1869), Rossiter Cotton Jackson (b. 1873), and Henry Hubbard Jackson (b. 1877); Elizabeth Livermore Hubbard (1849-1941); Mary Hubbard (1848-1849); and Charlotte Wright Hubbard (b. 1851), who married Benjamin Loring Young and had Margaret Young (b. 1876), Charlotte Young (b. 1878), and Benjamin Loring Young (b. 1885). Charles Townsend Hubbard married for the second time in 1855 Elizabeth Blair Wells, and together they had two children: Charles Wells Hubbard (b. 1856), who married in 1889 Anne Laurens Swann and had Charles Wells Hubbard (b. 1890) and Elizabeth Blair Hubbard (b. 1894); and Anne Hubbard (b. 1858), who married Bancroft Chandler Davis and had Mabel and Martha Davis.
Francis Blake (1850-1913)
Francis Blake (1850-1913) was born in 1850 at Needham, Massachusetts, the son of Caroline Burling (Trumbull) and Francis Blake, Sr. Known widely as the inventor of the Blake Transmitter for telephone communications, Blake was also a respected physicist and experimental photographer, worked on the United States Coast Survey from his teenage years through early adulthood (1866-1878), and was responsible for the design of his elaborate family estate, Keewaydin, in Weston, Massachusetts. He married in 1874 Elizabeth Livermore Hubbard (1849-1941), and together they had two children: Agnes Blake (b. 1876), who married in 1906 Stephen Salisbury Fitzgerald; and Benjamin Sewall Blake (b. 1877), who married in 1908 Ruth Field and had Francis, Ruth, Benjamin, Elizabeth, and Joan Blake.
Sources
Davis, Keith F. "The High-Speed Photographs of Francis Blake." The Massachusetts Historical Review 2 (2000): 1-26.
Hall, Elton Wayland. Francis Blake: An Inventor's Life 1850-1913. Boston, Mass.: Massachusetts Historical Society, 2003.
Restrictions on Access
The bulk of the Blake family papers is stored offsite and must be requested at least two business days in advance via Portal1791. Researchers needing more than six items from offsite storage should provide additional advance notice. If you have questions about requesting materials from offsite storage, please contact the reference desk at 617-646-0532 or reference@masshist.org.
Collection Description
The collection is housed in 17 cartons (stored offsite), two oversize volumes, and one oversize box (located onsite at Ms. N-341), and contains the papers of the family of Francis Blake (1850-1913), principally his wife Elizabeth Livermore (Hubbard) Blake and children Agnes (Blake) Fitzgerald and Benjamin Sewall Blake. The collection is organized into ten series, as follows: Correspondence, Financial Papers, Medical Papers, Harvard and Other School Papers of Benjamin S. Blake, First Corps Cadets Papers of Benjamin S. Blake, Charitable Solicitations, Miscellaneous Papers, Bound Volumes, Miscellaneous Printed Matter, and Oversize.
The bulk of the collection consists of family correspondence, covering the years 1867-1964 (bulk: 1880-1918), and mostly consists of letters written to Elizabeth (Hubbard) Blake from family and friends, many of them from her daughter Agnes, son Benjamin S., and sisters Charlotte and Louise. There are often daily runs of letters from Agnes when she was away from her mother. There are also a number of letters written between Benjamin's wife Ruth (Field) Blake and her mother Amelia D. (Mrs. Joseph W.) Field. The correspondence tapers off after 1918.
BSB's Harvard and other school papers highlight his preparation for and work during his years at Harvard, 1893-1901. Financial papers consist of bills and receipts of family members, arranged chronologically, 1881-1938 (13 folders); and an "Easy-Clasp File" of Elizabeth Hubbard Blake, taken apart and put into 13 folders in its original alphabetical arrangement. Medical papers in 20 folders cover the years 1870-1956, consisting mostly of prescriptions and later (1950s) medical charts for Benjamin Sewall Blake and Ruth Field Blake. The First Corps Cadets papers are in 4 folders, 1896-1909, and contain papers relating to BSB's activities in the Cadets. Charitable solicitations to Elizabeth Hubbard Blake, 8 folders covering the years 1887-1941, consist of form letters to Elizabeth Hubbard Blake and Francis Blake requesting donations to charitable causes. Miscellaneous papers cover a variety of topics and contain biographical matter on Francis Blake and Commodore George S. Blake, papers relating to the landscaping at Keewaydin, hair samples of Agnes Blake Fitzgerald and Ruth Blake, and other items. Bound volumes include financial volumes, memoranda, an engagement diary of Benjamin Sewall Blake, the marriage service of Agnes Blake Fitzgerald, scrapbooks, EHB's records of the infancies of Agnes Blake Fitzgerald and Benjamin Sewall Blake, etc. Miscellaneous printed matter consists of magazines, materials about birds, Audubon Society publications, engravings, and other miscellaneous printed ephemera.
Acquisition Information
Parts of the collection came to the MHS as a series of gifts of the descendants of Francis Blake, Jr. Another part was acquired by purchase through a donation of the Oliver family, Feb. 2001, and a gift of Benjamin Blake in Jan. 2001.
Detailed Description of the Collection
I. Correspondence, 1867-1964; bulk: 1880-1918
This series contains family correspondence of Elizabeth (Hubbard) Blake, her children Benjamin Sewall Blake and Agnes (Blake) Fitzgerald, and Benjamin's wife Ruth (Field) Blake. Correspondence is mainly personal in nature, between Elizabeth Hubbard Blake and her family and friends, with long runs of letters from Agnes Blake Fitzgerald when she is away on vacation, and fewer but also substantial series of letters from Benjamin Sewall Blake when he is away. Long runs of letters between Agnes Blake Fitzgerald and her mother and between Ruth Field Blake and her mother (Amelia D. Field) convey the details of daily life around 1900 to 1920 and document the minutiae of daily existence in a privileged American household of that time. The daily weather, continual health problems, the cost of clothing, what types of foods were consumed, activities of babies and children, vacations and travel -- all are topics in this vast and intimate exchange. Other frequent correspondents include EHB's sisters Charlotte and Louise. An early run of letters, 1880-1881, details the European travels of EHB's father, stepmother, brother Charles, and sisters Louise and Anne. The correspondence also includes many calling cards, invitations to social events, greeting cards, and postcards, a substantial number of which are undated. Carton 1 is devoted exclusively to undated correspondence and papers. For details, see the Box List for the collection. The correspondence tapers off after 1918, with only a few items after 1941.
Correspondence of Elizabeth Hubbard Blake
Various relatives to Elizabeth Hubbard Blake
Charlotte H. Young to Elizabeth Hubbard Blake
Benjamin Sewall Blake & Agnes Blake Fitzgerald to Elizabeth Hubbard Blake
Grandchildren to Elizabeth Hubbard Blake
Correspondence of Benjamin Sewall Blake and Ruth Field Blake
Ruth Field Blake to Amelia D. Field
Amelia D. Field to Ruth Field Blake
Greeting cards, calling cards & invitations to Elizabeth Hubbard Blake
Greeting cards, etc. to Benjamin Sewall Blake family
Greeting cards, etc. to Agnes Blake Fitzgerald
Blank & unused greeting cards
Blank & undated postcards
Undated menus, recipes, & misc. food items
Undated poetry & verse
Undated children's school papers
Undated notes, lists & misc. writings
Undated newspaper clippings
Correspondence, 1867-1896
Correspondence, 1897-1898
Correspondence, 1899-June 1901
Correspondence, July 1901-1902
Correspondence, 1903-April 1906
Correspondence, May 1906-September 1908
Correspondence, October 1908-March 1911
Correspondence, April 1911-March 1913
Correspondence, April 1913-1915
Correspondence, 1916-September 1918
Correspondence, October 1918-1935
Correspondence, 1936-1964
II. Financial papers, 1881-1938
The financial papers consist of bills and receipts arranged chronologically (13 folders), mostly but not exclusively those of Elizabeth Hubbard Blake. Also included here is EHB's "Easy-Clasp" file, a box in which she kept financial papers and memoranda arranged in a rough alphabetical fashion. This has been foldered and stored in its original order (13 folders).
Chronological bills & receipts, 1881-1938
Elizabeth Hubbard Blake, Easy-Clasp file
III. Medical papers, 1870-1956
This series contains an extensive set of medical prescriptions and other papers documenting the health of family members up into the 1950s. Early prescriptions, many for asthma, hair tonics, eczema, and nervous disorders, offer insight into the health concerns of the privileged class. There are also medical record charts for Benjamin and Ruth Blake, 1951-1956.
IV. Harvard and other school papers of Benjamin Sewall Blake, 1893-1902
This series contains class notes and other papers written by Benjamin S. Blake, copies of entrance examinations from 1893-1897, an anonymous assessment of his abilities (1897), issues of the Harvard Crimson, report cards, college correspondence, some memorabilia, and a Harvard Union membership certificate (1902).
V. First Corps Cadets papers of Benjamin S. Blake, 1896-1909
This series contains general orders, special orders, circulars, bills, discharges, warrants, notices, and newspaper clippings, all concerning BSB's involvement in the First Corps Cadets, which he joined in 1896.
VI. Charitable solicitations, 1887-1941
This series contains charitable solicitation letters, mostly printed form letters, written to Elizabeth and Francis Blake, for the years 1887, 1913, 1927, 1931, and 1937-1941.
VII. Miscellaneous papers
There are ten folders of miscellaneous papers, each folder on a different topic: biographical information on Francis Blake, ca. 1890; Elizabeth Blake's transcriptions of FB's diary, with some biographical information written by Elizabeth Hubbard Blake; Francis Blake's memorial pamphlet (1913) and information on Commodore George S. Blake; materials on landscaping at Keewaydin (see also oversize); Agnes Blake's hair samples; Ruth Blake's hair samples; an unidentified painting; postage stamps; Francis Blake's leather wallet; and a 20th-century silhouette of an unidentified woman.
Francis Blake, biographical information, [1890]
Francis Blake, biographical information and diary transcriptions by Elizabeth Hubbard Blake
Biographical information on Commodore George S. Blake
Materials on landscaping at Keewaydin
Agnes Blake Fitzgerald hair samples
Ruth Blake hair samples
Unidentified painting, undated
Postage stamps
FB's wallet
Silhouette of unknown woman, 20th century
VIII. Bound volumes, 1873-1943
There are 31 bound volumes in the collection. Volumes 1, 2, and 30 are Francis Blake's: a booklet listing wedding gifts, 24 June 1873 (vol. 1), and a financial "journal," 1878-1880 (vol. 2) and 1881-1894 (vol. 30, oversize). Volumes 3-10 and 31 are Elizabeth Blake's: a wedding address book, 1873 (vol. 3); narrative account of the infancy of Agnes Blake, 1876-1880 (vol. 4); narrative account of the infancy of Benjamin Blake, 1877-1880 (vol. 5); scrapbook of newspaper clippings, 1879-1937 (vol. 6); memoranda book, 1880 (vol. 7); scrapbook of newspaper clippings, 1885-1925, bulk: 1922-1925 (vol. 8); address book, 1920s-1930s (vol. 9); account book, 1934-1938 (vol. 10); and checkbook and ledger, 1939-1943 (vol. 31, oversize). Volumes 11-27 are Benjamin S. Blake's: memoranda booklet, undated (vol. 11); school notebook, 1890s (vol. 12); bank book, 1897-1901 (vol. 13); checkbooks, October 1897-May 1904 (vols. 14-23); engagement diary, 1908 (vol. 24); and checkbooks, December 1914-October 1917 (vols. 25-27). Volume 28 is Agnes (Blake) Fitzgerald's marriage service, 1906. Finally, vol. 29 is an unidentified sketchbook containing pencil sketches of people and outdoor scenes in New Hampshire, probably from the 1870s.
Francis Blake, wedding gifts, 24 June 1873
Francis Blake, "Journal" (finances), 1878-1880
Elizabeth Hubbard Blake, wedding address book, 1873
Elizabeth Hubbard Blake, account of infancy of Agnes Blake Fitzgerald, 1876-1880
Elizabeth Hubbard Blake, account of infancy of Benjamin Sewall Blake, 1877-1880
Elizabeth Hubbard Blake, scrapbook of newspaper clippings, 1879-1937
Elizabeth Hubbard Blake, memoranda book, 1880
Elizabeth Hubbard Blake, scrapbook of newspaper clippings, 1885-1925; bulk: 1922-1925
Elizabeth Hubbard Blake, address book, 1920s-1930s
Elizabeth Hubbard Blake, account book, August 1934-November 1938
Benjamin Sewall Blake, memoranda, undated
Benjamin Sewall Blake, school notebook, [1890s]
Benjamin Sewall Blake, bank book, 1897-1901
Benjamin Sewall Blake, checkbook, October 1897-June 1898
Benjamin Sewall Blake, checkbook, June 1898-June 1899
Benjamin Sewall Blake, checkbook, June 1899-February 1900
Benjamin Sewall Blake, checkbook, February-September 1900
Benjamin Sewall Blake, checkbook, September 1900-February 1901
Benjamin Sewall Blake, checkbook, February-December 1901
Benjamin Sewall Blake, checkbook, December 1901-January 1903
Benjamin Sewall Blake, checkbook, January 1903-January 1904
Benjamin Sewall Blake, checkbook, April 1903
Benjamin Sewall Blake, checkbook, January-May 1904
Benjamin Sewall Blake, engagement diary, 1908
Benjamin Sewall Blake, checkbook, December 1914-October 1915
Benjamin Sewall Blake, checkbook, October 1915-October 1916
Benjamin Sewall Blake, checkbook, October 1916-October 1917
Agnes Blake Fitzgerald, marriage service, 1906
Sketchbook, unidentified, [1870s]
IX. Miscellaneous printed matter
This series contains printed matter saved by various Blake family members, including Audubon Society publications and other printed matter about birds, birdhouses, bird feeding, etc.; other miscellaneous magazines; printed ephemera and memorabilia; Keewaydin Theatre broadsides; advertising circulars; printed material on telephones; and three copies of an engraving of Benjamin Sewall.
X. Oversize
Oversize materials include engravings and rotogravures of Francis Blake, as well as two copies of a broadside Extracts from the Trespass Laws of Massachusetts and membership certificates in the Society of Colonial Dames of America for Elizabeth Hubbard Blake and Agnes Blake Fitzgerald.
PLEASE NOTE that the oversize Blake family materials are stored ONSITE. When requesting oversize materials, please use call number Ms. N-341.
FB's financial journal, 1881-1894
EHB's checkbook & ledger, 1939-1943
3 copies of engraving of Francis Blake
3 copies of rotogravure of Francis Blake
Olmsted Brothers drawings and blueprints of Keewaydin landscaping
Triple view inkwash drawing of Keewaydin
2 copies of broadside, Extracts from the Trespass Laws of Massachusetts
Certificates of membership in the Society of the Colonial Dames of American for Agnes Blake Fitzgerald and Elizabeth Hubbard Blake
Photographs Removed from the Collection
Photographs from this collection have been removed to the Blake family photographs, ca. 1860-1917. Photo. Coll. 39.
Preferred Citation
Blake family papers, Massachusetts Historical Society.
Access Terms
This collection is indexed under the following headings in ABIGAIL, the online catalog of the Massachusetts Historical Society. Researchers desiring materials about related persons, organizations, or subjects should search the catalog using these headings.