Adams Family Correspondence, volume 8
rs.Adams—
I beg you to inform Mrs. Smith, that I have forwarded to
Mr Mc.Connell enclosed in a
Letter to Miss Margaret Smith the Picture she requested me to send and have reced Information fm. Dr. Crosby of Mr. Mc.Connell's having recd. my
Letter—1 By Mr. Gorham who lately went to Philadelphia I sent Mr.
Adams's order on Hoñ Thos. Mc.Kean Esq, Mr Mc.Kean was
gone on the Circuits—and Mr Gorham failing of seeing him
brought it back— it lays on Hand for another Opportunity Mr.
Ty——r is somewhere I dont know where—whether at Braintree Boston, or Virginia where it
has been said some days since that He intended to settle—But I cant obtain any
Settlement from Him— Mr. Doane has repeatedly promised to
pay the Debt from his Fathers Estate—but neglects— Lamberts Debt is not yet paid I have
ordered the High Sheriff of the County of Lincoln to be sued in Case that Debt is not
immediately paid— Our Tender Act operates disagreably with respect to the recovery of
Debts—But we must have Patience—it is continued to Jany.
next— Great Complaints are made of the Want of Circulation of money & of Inability
to pay Taxes, yet our Stile of Living is not reduced to a State that will justify the
Complaint. New Houses, new & Large Bridges among which is Penney Ferry are dayly
encreasing, one also over Beverly Ferry is petitioned for—2 New Manufactures, revivals of old and New
Improvements in Agriculture & the Spirit of Husbandry encreasing these last are the
only remaining Symptoms (I had almost said) of Recovery that are to be seen amonst us— I
wrote to Mr. Adams by a Vessell that saild a few Days agone
for Bristol—acquainting him that Mr Cranch had been informed
by Mr. Borland that Mr Quincy
had given up the Thoughts of purchasing his Place and having agreed with Tyler to
relinquish his Claims he should wish to sell it— I took the earliest opportunity to give
this Information as I suspected from some Enquiries in your former Letters, that you had
in Contemplation the purchasing it should an Opportunity present— It is greatly out of
Repair—and been much abused by bad Tenants— it may however be purchased at a tolerable
good buy—by any Person that stands in Need of it—
I have executed Your order in Part respecting the purchase of public Securities, have
expended £100 sterling & upwards in several purchases of them—and shall proceed as
favorable Opportunities 101present but apprehend that Delay in this Business
can be no Detriment as the Prospect here is against their rising and greatly in favour
of sinking still lower— There is a Tract of Land adjoyning to yours, owned lately by one
Haden decd. laying upon the Hill in the Commons not far
distant from John Fields the Tanners—about 56 Acres which may be purchased @ 25s/ per
Acre. Mr Cranch has mentioned
it to me several Times and wishes to take a part of it—but whether Your Interest will be
advanced by further Purchases of Land You are best able to judge, knowing your own
future views & Designs &c3
It being Saturday & just proceeding for Weymouth, least Cushing should Sail before my Return, have wrote in Haste omitting sundry Matters which should have mentioned had Time permitted and Am / Your Affectionate Friend & H Ser
RC (Adams Papers); internal address: “Mrs Abigail Adams.”
“The Picture” was a miniature
of AA2 that Tufts had retrieved from Royall Tyler. In January
AA2 had asked Tufts to send it to her sister-in-law, Margaret Smith, by
way of New York merchant Daniel McCormick (not McConnell).
Columbia College professor Ebenezer Crosby was an Adams family friend from Braintree
(vol. 7:441–442; vol. 6:231, note 18).
On 1 March the legislature
approved plans for a bridge over the Mystic River to connect Malden and Charlestown.
The 2,420-foot Malden Bridge opened later in the year and replaced a “penny ferry.”
Likewise, on 17 Nov. a bridge was approved to connect Beverly and Salem. That
1,484-foot span opened to travelers in Sept. 1788 (Mass., Acts and Laws
,
1786–1787, p. 216–219, 582–586; John Hayward, A Gazetteer of
Massachusetts, Boston, 1849, p. 192–193; James R. Newhall, The Essex Memorial for 1836: Embracing a Register of the
County, Salem, 1836, p. 257).
Neither JA nor Richard Cranch purchased the 56 acres offered by the
estate of Braintree housewright Henry Hayden (1750–1786). The estate sold the entire
lot for £70 on 2 July to Braintree cordwainer John Cleverly. John Field (1752–1826)
had removed from Braintree to New Hampshire in 1786 (Suffolk County Deeds, 164:26–27; Sprague, Braintree Families
,
p. 1669R, 2242, 2242R; John Resch, Suffering Soldiers:
Revolutionary War Veterans, Moral Sentiment, and Political Culture in the Early
Republic, Amherst, Mass., 1999, p. 54–55).
r.
On conversing with Mr. Parsons relative to Your Sons
entring into the Study of the Law, I found him disposed to take him under his
Instruction, and it being the Wish of your Son to live with him, I accordingly agreed
with Mr. Parsons on the Subject— After Commencement Vacation
Mr John will repair to Newbury Port— Mr. Parsons's Terms are £100— for Thrree Years exclusive of
Board, the money to be paid at the End of the Term As he does not incline to 102board his Pupils, I shall procure a Place at my Brothers or some other good
Family—
Mr Johns continued & persevering Application to his
Studies must in Time injure his Health unless he carefully attends to Exercise, a
Doctrine I have frequently inculcated upon Him and shall urge, previous to his going to
Newbury Port, a few Weeks of Relaxation—
What shall I say to you My Friend with Respect to the State of my Country, with Respect
to the Complexion of our new Court and the Measures pursuing & pursued by it. The
Spirit of the Day has brought into public Life Characters that in sober Times would have
been hissed off the Stage and been expelled as Members unfit to grace the Seats of
Legislaters. Fomentors of the late Rebellion are found in Council, Senate and in the
House of Representatives. In the House are some who from the Beginning were Enemies to
the late Revolution, secret in Opposition when it could best serve their Purposes and
open when Prospects of Success presented, avowed Friends to Monarchy and to
Despotism—that have taken every Advantage of Discontents and encouraged every Kind of
Faction—Disappointed Whigs, Convention Men & Debtors not a few— The object of the
first is to throw all into Confusion and introduce a new Form of Government— the
Disappointed Whigs & Convention Men are most of them Mushrooms that have sprung up
on a sudden are tools of the Former but in Principle Levellers— The Debtors join their
Force hoping for an Annihilation of public & private Debts, among these are some
whose Characters once shone with Lustre— But are now meanly courting the Populace and
practising the Arts of Corruption— These Characters came to Court with a Determination,
and from many Towns with Instructions, if possible to undo the Measures of the late
Administration to remove the Troops stationed for the Suppression of the Rebellion and
the Protection of the Western Counties—to remove all Disqualifications, to obtain a
general Goal Delivery of all State Prisoners and a general Indemnity & Pardon as
well to those condemned to Death as those that have not come in and accepted former
Terms of Mercy & Pardon—although the latter have been and are dayly making
Depredations—The Removal of the Court from the Town of Boston—as more liberal Tender Act—or a Continuation of the Former—with some
an Emission of Paper of Money—with others a Discharge of public Securities at the going
Price—are favourite Objects— It is doubtful whether, the Court will be removed from
Boston— The Tender Act 103so called will be continued till January next— Paper
Money is reprobated—and the further Reduction of public Securities is unnecessary will not be attempted this Session—
Among the high handed Offenders that have been capitally convicted and sentenced to
Death, not one as yet has been executed—Pardon was granted for all in Berkshire &
Hampshire County except Four— These were reprieved for a Month, now again for Six
Weeks—one in the County of Worcester was also marked out for the Halter—but is pardoned—
the most criminal of the whole a Shattuck by name—of the County of Middlesex convicted
several Times during the War of raising Mobs to oppose the Payment of Taxes & the
Execution of Laws, was sentencd to have been executed on Thursday last—but is reprieved
for a Month— It seems to be the Opinion of most that all these Gallows deserving Fellows
will be set at Liberty—1 Resolves have
passed this Session, for a new Pardon to all except Nine—and a Removal of all
Disqualefications— it was with great Difficulty that a Vote could be obtained to replace
the Troops stationed in the Western Counties, whose Time of Enlistment is just
expiring—2 Very little Business of
Importance to the Public has been transacted although the we are got in to the 5th. Week of the Session—Nearly Three fourths of the House and
a considerable Number of the Senate being new Members— I fear that the Benefits arising
from this Session will hardly compensate for the expences— This Court is I believe
larger in Numbers than any former by One fourth—3 But I must break off Politics & conclude by
informing You; that You have the Thanks of the best Judges & Patriots among us for
yr. Judicious & timely Publication, it has already
passed through one Impression at New York and is now reprintg at Boston—
Yrs—
I wrote [some time?] since by the Way of Bristol, informed You, that Bor[lan]ds Place may be purchased, if you like—4
By Capt Cushing who will sail in a Day or two, I shall draw in Favour of Mr Elworthy for £100— Folger & Callihan have been expected
for some Days but have not as yet arrived—
RC (Adams Papers); addressed: “His Excellency John Adams Esq— /
Minister Plenipy. from the / United States of America / to
the Court of London / Grovesnor Square / London”; endorsed: “Dr Tufts, June. 30, / ansd. Oct. 15. 1787”;
notation on the first page: “not answerd.” Some loss of text where the seal was
removed.
By 30 April, six men were condemned to death for treason, two each from Berkshire and
Hampshire Counties, one from Worcester County, and Job Shattuck from Middlesex County.
Several reprieves were granted over the next several months until all were 104pardoned by Gov. John Hancock on 13 Sept. (Robert
A. Feer, Shay's Rebellion, N.Y., 1988, p. 416; Mass., Acts and
Laws
, 1786–1787, p. 994; Cotton Tufts to AA, 20 Sept.,
below).
On 15 June the General Court
passed a resolve that allowed for the re-enlistment of 500 to 800 troops in western
Massachusetts. The same resolution also pardoned all citizens who had participated in
Shays' Rebellion, with the exception of nine, and restored all rights and privileges
to citizens, thus repealing the Disqualification Act of 16 Feb. (Mass., Acts and
Laws
, 1786–1787, p. 176–180, 677–679).
The May election increased
the number of House members from 190 to 266. The number of Senate members increased
from 31 to 36. Nineteen of the Senate members were new (Leonard L. Richards, Shays's Rebellion: The American Revolution's Final Battle,
Phila., 2002, p. 144; Mass., Acts and Laws
, 1786–1787, p. 265–266,
663–667).
See Cotton Tufts to AA, 21 May, above.