Adams Papers Digital Edition

Papers of John Adams, volume 17

Introduction

To Christian Lotter
xxxvii Guide to Editorial Apparatus
Guide to Editorial Apparatus

The first three sections (1–3) of this guide list, respectively, the arbitrary devices used for clarifying the text, the code names for prominent members of the Adams family, and the symbols that are employed throughout The Adams Papers, in all its series and parts, for various kinds of manuscript sources. The final three sections (4–6) list, respectively, the symbols for institutions holding original materials, the various abbreviations and conventional terms, and the short titles of books and other works that occur in volume 17 of the Papers of John Adams.

1. TEXTUAL DEVICES

The following devices will be used throughout The Adams Papers to clarify the presentation of the text.

[. . .] One word missing or illegible.
[. . . .] Two words missing or illegible.
[. . . .]1 More than two words missing or illegible; subjoined footnote estimates amount of missing matter.
[ ] Number or part of a number missing or illegible. Amount of blank space inside brackets approximates the number of missing or illegible digits.
[roman] Conjectural reading for missing or illegible matter. A question mark is inserted before the closing bracket if the conjectural reading is seriously doubtful.
roman Canceled matter.
[italic] Editorial insertion.
{roman} Text editorially decoded or deciphered.
2. ADAMS FAMILY CODE NAMES
First Generation
JA John Adams (1735–1826)
AA Abigail Adams (1744–1818), m. JA 1764
Second Generation
AA2 Abigail Adams (1765–1813), daughter of JA and AA, m. WSS 1786
WSS William Stephens Smith (1755–1816), brother of SSA
JQA John Quincy Adams (1767–1848), son of JA and AA
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LCA Louisa Catherine Johnson (1775–1852), m. JQA 1797
CA Charles Adams (1770–1800), son of JA and AA
SSA Sarah Smith (1769–1828), sister of WSS, m. CA 1795
TBA Thomas Boylston Adams (1772–1832), son of JA and AA
AHA Ann Harrod (1774–1845), m. TBA 1805
Third Generation
GWA George Washington Adams (1801–1829), son of JQA and LCA
JA2 John Adams (1803–1834), son of JQA and LCA
MCHA Mary Catherine Hellen (1806–1870), m. JA2 1828
CFA Charles Francis Adams (1807–1886), son of JQA and LCA
ABA Abigail Brown Brooks (1808–1889), m. CFA 1829
ECA Elizabeth Coombs Adams (1808–1903), daughter of TBA and AHA
Fourth Generation
LCA2 Louisa Catherine Adams (1831–1870), daughter of CFA and ABA, m. Charles Kuhn 1854
JQA2 John Quincy Adams (1833–1894), son of CFA and ABA
CFA2 Charles Francis Adams (1835–1915), son of CFA and ABA
HA Henry Adams (1838–1918), son of CFA and ABA
MHA Marian Hooper (1842–1885), m. HA 1872
MA Mary Adams (1845–1928), daughter of CFA and ABA, m. Henry Parker Quincy 1877
BA Brooks Adams (1848–1927), son of CFA and ABA
Fifth Generation
CFA3 Charles Francis Adams (1866–1954), son of JQA2
HA2 Henry Adams (1875–1951), son of CFA2
JA3 John Adams (1875–1964), son of CFA2
3. DESCRIPTIVE SYMBOLS

The following symbols are employed throughout The Adams Papers to describe or identify the various kinds of manuscript originals.

D Diary (Used only to designate a diary written by a member of the Adams family and always in combination with the short form of the writer’s name and a serial number, as follows: D/JA/23, i.e., the 23d fascicle or volume of John Adams’ manuscript Diary.)
Dft draft
Dupl duplicate
FC file copy (A copy of a letter retained by a correspondent other than an Adams, no matter the form of the retained copy; a copy of a letter retained by an Adams other than a Letterbook or letterpress copy.)
FC-Pr a letterpress copy retained by an Adams as the file copy
IRC intended recipient’s copy (Generally the original version but received after a duplicate, triplicate, or other version of a letter.)
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Lb Letterbook (Used only to designate an Adams Letterbook and always in combination with the short form of the writer’s name and a serial number, as follows: Lb/JQA/29, i.e., the 29th volume of John Quincy Adams’ Letterbooks.)
LbC Letterbook copy (Used only to designate an Adams Letterbook copy. Letterbook copies are normally unsigned, but any such copy is assumed to be in the hand of the person responsible for the text unless it is otherwise described.)
LbC-Tr Letterbook copy-transcript (A transcript of an official letter or document copied into a volume of transcripts created for JA by Benjamin Franklin’s secretary Jean L’Air de Lamotte, APM Reel 103.)
M Miscellany (Used only to designate materials in the section of the Adams Papers known as the “Miscellanies” and always in combination with the short form of the writer’s name and a serial number, as follows: M/CFA/31, i.e., the 31st volume of the Charles Francis Adams Miscellanies—a ledger volume mainly containing transcripts made by CFA in 1833 of selections from the family papers.)
MS, MSS manuscript, manuscripts
RC recipient’s copy (A recipient’s copy is assumed to be in the hand of the signer unless it is otherwise described.)
Tr transcript (A copy, handwritten or typewritten, made substantially later than the original or later than other copies—such as duplicates, file copies, or Letterbook copies—that were made contemporaneously.)
Tripl triplicate
4. LOCATION SYMBOLS
Ct Connecticut State Library
CtY Sterling Memorial Library, Yale University
DLC Library of Congress
DNA National Archives and Records Administration
ICHi Chicago Historical Society
MB Boston Public Library
MH-Ar Harvard University Archives
MHi Massachusetts Historical Society
MQA Adams National Historical Park
MaSaPEM Peabody Essex Museum
NHi New-York Historical Society
NN New York Public Library
NNC Columbia University
NNMus Museum of the City of New York
NNPM Pierpont Morgan Library
PHC Haverford College
PHi Historical Society of Pennsylvania
PP Free Library of Philadelphia
PPAmP American Philosophical Society
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5. OTHER ABBREVIATIONS AND CONVENTIONAL TERMS
Manuscripts and other materials, 1639–1889, in the Adams Manuscript Trust collection given to the Massachusetts Historical Society in 1956 and enlarged by a few additions of family papers since then. Citations in the present edition are simply by date of the original document if the original is in the main chronological series of the Papers and therefore readily found in the microfilm edition of the Adams Papers (see below). The present edition in letterpress, published by The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. References to earlier volumes of any given unit take this form: vol. 2:146. Since there is no overall volume numbering for the edition, references from one series, or unit of a series, to another are by writer, title, volume, and page, for example, JA, D&A , 4:205. Other materials in the Adams Papers editorial office, Massachusetts Historical Society. These include photocopied documents (normally cited by the location of the originals), photographs, correspondence, and bibliographical and other aids compiled and accumulated by the editorial staff. Formerly, Adams Papers, Microfilms. The corpus of the Adams Papers, 1639–1889, as published on microfilm by the Massachusetts Historical Society, 1954–1959, in 608 reels. Cited in the present work, when necessary, by reel number. Available in research libraries throughout the United States and in a few libraries in Canada, Europe, and New Zealand. Archives du Ministère des Affaires Étrangères, Paris, Correspondance Politique, États-Unis. The British Library, London, England. Nationaal Archief, The Hague. For details on the Dumas Papers microfilm edition, see JA, D&A , 3:9–10. Oxford Art Online, a compendium of online art resources including Grove Art Online (formerly the Grove Dictionary of Art), the Benezit Dictionary of Artists, and others: www.oxfordartonline.com. Papers of the Continental Congress. Originals in the National Archives: Record Group 360. Microfilm edition in 204 reels. Usually cited in the present work from the microfilms, but according to the original series xliand volume numbering devised in the State Department in the early nineteenth century; for example, PCC, No. 93, III, i.e., the third volume of series 93. National Archives of the United Kingdom, London. Formerly Public Record Office. Records of the States of the United States of America: [Massachusetts], comp. and ed. William Sumner Jenkins, Washington, D.C., 1949–1951. Originals in the Massachusetts Archives and other repositories in the state. Library of Congress microfilm edition in 111 reels. Cited in the present work by class and part, reel number, unit, and original volume and page number.
6. SHORT TITLES OF WORKS FREQUENTLY CITED
Thomas R. Adams, The American Controversy: A Bibliographical Study of the British Pamphlets about the American Disputes, 1764–1783, Providence and New York, 1980; 2 vols. Adams Family Correspondence, ed. L. H. Butterfield, Marc Friedlaender, Richard Alan Ryerson, Margaret A. Hogan, and others, Cambridge, 1963– . American Historical Association, Annual Report, 1889– . John A. Garraty, Mark C. Carnes, and Paul Betz, eds., American National Biography, New York, 1999–2002; 24 vols. plus supplement; rev. edn., www.anb.org. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1774–1989, Washington, D.C., 1989; rev. edn., bioguide.congress.gov. J. F. Bosher, The French Revolution, New York, 1988. Letters of Members of the Continental Congress, ed. Edmund C. Burnett, Washington, D.C., 1921–1936; 8 vols. I. Minis Hays, ed., Calendar of the Papers of Benjamin Franklin in the Library of the American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia, 1908; 5 vols. The Cambridge Modern History, Cambridge, Eng., 1902–1911; repr. New York, 1969; 13 vols. Catalogue of the John Adams Library in the Public Library of the City of Boston, Boston, 1917. xlii Henry Adams and Worthington Chauncey Ford, A Catalogue of the Books of John Quincy Adams Deposited in the Boston Athenæum with Notes on Books, Adams Seals and Book-Plates, Boston, 1938. Diary of Charles Francis Adams, ed. Aïda DiPace Donald, David Donald, Marc Friedlaender, L. H. Butterfield, and others, Cambridge, 1964– . Allen Johnson, Dumas Malone, and others, eds., Dictionary of American Biography, New York, 1928–1936; repr. New York, 1955–1980; 10 vols. plus index and supplements. The Diplomatic Correspondence of the United States of America, from . . . 1783, to . . . 1789, [ed. William A. Weaver], repr., Washington, D.C., 1837 [actually 1855]; 3 vols. Leslie Stephen and Sidney Lee, eds., The Dictionary of National Biography, New York and London, 1885–1901; repr. Oxford, 1959–1960; 21 vols. plus supplements; rev. edn., www.oxforddnb.com. Jean Dumont, Corps universel diplomatique du droit des gens; contenant un recueuil des traitez d’alliance, de paix, de trève, de neutralité, de commerce, d’échange, Amsterdam, 1726–1739; 14 vols. in 15. Charles Evans and others, American Bibliography: A Chronological Dictionary of All Books, Pamphlets and Periodical Publications Printed in the United States of America [1639–1800], Chicago and Worcester, 1903–1959; 14 vols. The Papers of Benjamin Franklin, ed. Leonard W. Labaree, William B. Willcox, Claude A. Lopez, Barbara B. Oberg, Ellen R. Cohn, and others, New Haven, 1959– . Grandmother Tyler’s Book: The Recollections of Mary Palmer Tyler (Mrs. Royall Tyler), 1775–1866, ed. Frederick Tupper and Helen Tyler Brown, New York and London, 1925. Van Beck Hall, Politics without Parties: Massachusetts, 1780–1791, Pittsburgh, 1972. Francis B. Heitman, Historical Register of Officers of the Continental Army during the War of the Revolution, rev. edn., Washington, D.C., 1914. Jean Chrétien Ferdinand Hoefer, ed., Nouvelle biographie générale depuis les temps les plus reculés jusqu’à nos jours, Paris, 1852–1866; 46 vols. Diary and Autobiography of John Adams, ed. L. H. Butterfield and others, Cambridge, 1961; 4 vols. xliii The Earliest Diary of John Adams, ed. L. H. Butterfield and others, Cambridge, 1966. Legal Papers of John Adams, ed. L. Kinvin Wroth and Hiller B. Zobel, Cambridge, 1965; 3 vols. Papers of John Adams, ed. Robert J. Taylor, Gregg L. Lint, and others, Cambridge, 1977– . The Works of John Adams, Second President of the United States: with a Life of the Author, ed. Charles Francis Adams, Boston, 1850–1856; 10 vols. Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774–1789, ed. Worthington Chauncey Ford, Gaillard Hunt, John C. Fitzpatrick, Roscoe R. Hill, and others, Washington, D.C., 1904–1937; 34 vols. Memoir, Correspondence, and Miscellanies: from the Papers of Thomas Jefferson, ed. Thomas Jefferson Randolph, Charlottesville, Va., 1829; 4 vols. The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, ed. Julian P. Boyd, Charles T. Cullen, John Catanzariti, Barbara B. Oberg, and others, Princeton, N.J., 1950– . Jefferson’s Memorandum Books: Accounts, with Legal Records and Miscellany, 1767–1826, ed. James A. Bear Jr. and Lucia C. Stanton (The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Second Series), Princeton, N.J., 1997; 2 vols. Charles Jenkinson, A Collection of all the Treaties of Peace, Alliance, and Commerce, between Great-Britain and Other Powers, London, 1785; 3 vols. Diary of John Quincy Adams, ed. David Grayson Allen, Robert J. Taylor, and others, Cambridge, 1981– . Lafayette in the Age of the American Revolution: Selected Letters and Papers, 1776–1790, ed. Stanley J. Idzerda and others, Ithaca, N.Y., 1977–1983; 5 vols. The Papers of Henry Laurens, ed. Philip M. Hamer, George C. Rogers Jr., David R. Chesnutt, C. James Taylor, and others, Columbia, S.C., 1968–2003; 16 vols. Diary and Autobiographical Writings of Louisa Catherine Adams, ed. Judith S. Graham and others, Cambridge, 2013; 2 vols. The Papers of James Madison: Congressional Series, ed. William T. Hutchinson, William M. E. Rachal, and Robert Allen Rutland, Chicago, 1962–1991; 17 vols. Acts and Laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts [1780–1805], Boston, 1890–1898; 13 vols. xliv The Acts and Resolves, Public and Private, of the Province of the Massachusetts Bay, Boston, 1869–1922; 21 vols. Philip Mazzei: Selected Writings and Correspondence, ed. Margherita Marchione and others, Prato, Italy, 1983; 3 vols. Treaties and Other International Acts of the United States of America, ed. Hunter Miller, Washington, D.C., 1931–1948; 8 vols. Samuel Eliot Morison, John Paul Jones: A Sailor’s Biography, Boston, 1959. The Papers of Robert Morris, 1781–1784, ed. E. James Ferguson, John Catanzariti, Elizabeth M. Nuxoll, Mary A. Gallagher, and others, Pittsburgh, 1973–1999; 9 vols. Sir Lewis Namier and John Brooke, eds., The House of Commons, 1754–1790, London, 1964; 3 vols. New England Quarterly. New-York Directory [title varies], issued annually with varying imprints. The Oxford English Dictionary, 2d edn., Oxford, 1989; 20 vols.; rev. edn., www.oed.com. Andrew Oliver, Portraits of John and Abigail Adams, Cambridge, 1967. Andrew Oliver, Portraits of John Quincy Adams and His Wife, Cambridge, 1970. Simon Hornblower and Antony Spawforth, eds., The Oxford Classical Dictionary, 3d edn., New York, 1996. The Parliamentary History of England, from the Earliest Period to the Year 1803, London, 1806–1820; 36 vols. The Parliamentary Register, London, 1774–1813; issued with varying imprints. Pennsylvania Archives, Selected and Arranged from Original Documents in the Office of the Secretary of the Commonwealth, Philadelphia and Harrisburg, 1852–1935; 119 vols. in 123. Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography. James McLachlan, Richard A. Harrison, Ruth L. Woodward, Wesley Frank Craven, and J. Jefferson Looney, Princetonians: A Biographical Dictionary, Princeton, N.J., 1976–1991; 5 vols. xlv Ludwig Bittner and others, eds., Repertorium der diplomatischen Vertreter aller Länder seit dem Westfälischen Frieden (1648), Oldenburg, 1936–1965; 3 vols. Charles R. Ritcheson, Aftermath of Revolution: British Policy toward the United States, 1783–1795, Dallas, 1969. Lorenzo Sabine, Biographical Sketches of Loyalists of the American Revolution, rev. edn. by Gregory Palmer, Westport, Conn., 1984. Simon Schama, Citizens: A Chronicle of the French Revolution, New York, 1989. The Armed Neutralities of 1780 and 1800: A Collection of Official Documents Preceded by the Views of Representative Publicists, ed. James Brown Scott, New York, 1918. John Langdon Sibley, Clifford K. Shipton, Conrad Edick Wright, Edward W. Hanson, and others, Biographical Sketches of Graduates of Harvard University, in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Cambridge and Boston, 1873– . Philip Chadwick Foster Smith, The Empress of China, Philadelphia, 1984. Letters of Delegates to Congress, 1774–1789, ed. Paul H. Smith and others, Washington, D.C., 1976–2000; 26 vols. William B. Sprague, Annals of the American Pulpit; or, Commemorative Notices of Distinguished American Clergymen of Various Denominations, New York, 1857–1869; 9 vols. James H. Stark, The Loyalists of Massachusetts and the Other Side of the American Revolution, Boston, 1910. James Thacher, American Medical Biography: or Memoirs of Eminent Physicians Who Have Flourished in America, Boston, 1828; 2 vols. Journal of the Executive Proceedings of the Senate of the United States of America, Washington, D.C., 1789– . Warren-Adams Letters: Being Chiefly a Correspondence among John Adams, Samuel Adams, and James Warren (Massachusetts Historical Society, Collections, vols. 72–73), Boston, 1917–1925; 2 vols. The Papers of George Washington: Confederation Series, ed. W. W. Abbot and others, Charlottesville, Va., 1992–1997; 6 vols. Ralph E. Weber, United States Diplomatic Codes and Ciphers, 1775–1938, Chicago, 1979. xlvi The Revolutionary Diplomatic Correspondence of the United States, ed. Francis Wharton, Washington, D.C., 1889; 6 vols. Pieter J. van Winter and James C. Riley, American Finance and Dutch Investment, 1780–1805, New York, 1977; 2 vols. William and Mary Quarterly.