From Lb/JA/34 (Adams Papers, Microfilms, Reel No. 122), a folio ledger with a trade card inside the front cover reading: “A la Tête Noire, Furgault, 441Marchand de Papiers, A l'entrée de la rue de Richelieu, près des QuinzeVingts,... à Paris.” Following eight pages of accounts, which are at first in Thaxter's hand, including the caption, and afterward in both JA's and Thaxter's hands, the volume contains copies of JA's letters of a much later period, May 1814 — Nov. 1816.

This entry indicates that the exchange rate between the Spanish dollar and the French livre tournois was one to five, at least for purposes of common reckoning.

By Abbé Raynal; see Diary entry of 2 Feb. 1779 and note there.

Jacob Nicolas Moreau, Principes de morale, de politique et de droit public ... ou discours sur I'histoire de France, Paris, 1777–1779; 9 vols. ( Catalogue of JA's Library ).

Atlas amériquain septentrional contenant les détails des différentes provinces, de ce vaste continent ..., Paris, 1778. Pilote américain ..., Paris, 1779; 2 vols. in 1. Both of these collections were French reissues of English works and were published by Lerouge, under whose name they are entered in Catalogue of JA's Library .

This entry records JA's acquisition of two of the major works of French scholarship of the era. The first was Descriptions des arts et métiers, faites ou approuvées par Messieurs de l'Academic royale des sciences, Paris, 1761–1788; 113 cahiers, folio. JA's set, bound in 18 vols., was nearly but not quite complete, only a few parts being published after 1779. He presented it to Harvard College on 5 June 1789, and it is now in the Houghton Library. See Arthur H. Cole and George B. Watts, The Handicrafts of France as Recorded in the Descriptions des Arts et Metiers 1761–1788, Boston, 1952, for a history and appraisal of this work and a record of sets in American libraries. The second work was the Diderot-d'Alembert Encyclopédie, ou dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des metiers, par une société de gens de lettres, 3d edn., Geneva, &c., 1778–1779, of which JA's nearly complete set in 38 vols. survives among his books in the Boston Public Library ( Catalogue of JA's Library , p. 74); see also Harvard Library Bull., 9:235 (Spring 1955).

The Catalogue of JA's Library lists Les verbes francois ... en forme de dic tionnaire, by Demarville, London, 1773, but only a later edition of Thomas Nugent, The New Pocket Dictionary of the French and English Languages ..., London, 1781.

The Catalogue of JA's Library lists two sets of Mably, Le droit public de l'Europe ..., the first published at Amsterdam in 2 vols., 1748, the second at Geneva in 3 vols., 1776. On Mably see Diary entry of 29 May 1778, above, and note there.

Traduction complette de Tacite, Paris, 1777–1779; 7 vols.; Latin and French texts ( Catalogue of JA's Library).

Robert Estienne, Thesaurus linguae latinae in IV tomos divisus ..., Basel, 1740–1743; 4 vols., folio ( Catalogue of JA's Library ).

For Domat see Diary entry of 24 June 1779, above, and note 3 there. For the Voyage pittoresque de Paris and Voyage pittoresque des environs de Paris, frequently cited in notes above, see Catalogue of JA's Library , p. 73.

Aguesseau and Cochin were legal writers; see Catalogue of JA's Library , p. 8–9, 54. The Dictionnaire raisonné universel d'histoire naturelle, Paris, 1775, in 6 vols., was by Valmont de Bomare (same, p. 253).

Probably J. A. Piganiol de La Force, Nouveau voyage de France; avec un itinéraire, et des cartes ..., nouv. édn., Paris, 1780 ( Catalogue of JA's Library ).

[Charles Le Roy,] Traité de Vor thographe françoise, en forme de die tionaire, nouv. edn., Poitiers, 1775 ( Catalogue of JA's Library ).

Jean Dumont, comp., Corps universel diplomatique du droit des gens; contenant un recueil des traitez d'alliance, de paix, de trève, de neutralité, decommerce, d'éhange ..., Amsterdam, 1726–1739; 14 vols. in 15, folio ( Catalogue of JA's Library ).

Doubtless Thomas Digges, on whom see Diary entry of 20 April 1778 and note 2, above; also 4 Dec. 1782, note 1, below.

There are copies of La Fontaine's Fables choisies, mises en vers, listed in 442both the Catalogue of JA's Library and in Boston Athenaeum, Catalogue of JQA's Books. Probably one of these belonged to CA, who, as the next entry in these accounts suggests, wanted a copy of his own.

Described at length in JA to AA, 5 May 1780 (Adams Papers).

JA acquired five volumes of the Journal des sçavans ( Catalogue of JA's Library , p. 132). On this day also, according to a separate and fragmentary record of book purchases elsewhere in the present letterbook, he bought “14 Exemplaires Loix de l'Amerique,” paying 35 livres for them. This was a work entitled Recueil des loix constitutives des colonies angloises, confédéréés sous la dénomination d'Etats-Unis de l'Amérique-Septentrionale ..., Paris, 1778, compiled by one Regnier from the texts of the state constitutions and other American state papers that had appeared in the Affaires de l'Angleterre et de l'Amérique. Its curious bibliographical history has been related by Gilbert Chinard in Amer. Philos. Soc, Year Book 1943, p. 89–96. Five copies remain among JA's books in the Boston Public Library, one of them bearing MS notes in his hand.

“Dt.” probably means “ditto,” but JA's copy of the Annales has not been found.

Spelled by JQA, probably more correctly, Pechigny. He and his wife conducted the boarding school in Passy in which the Adams boys were placed. JQA wrote engagingly about his school work in a letter to his father without date ante 17 March 1780 and in another to his cousin, William Cranch, 17 March 1780 (both in Adams Papers).

See entry of 30 Oct. 1778, above, and note.

Copies of Baretti's Dictionary of the English and Italian Languages ..., new edn., London, 1771, in 2 vols., and Beccaria's Dei delitti e delle pene, Haarlem and Paris, 1780, remain among JA's books in the Boston Public Library ( Catalogue of JA's Library ). The Grammatica here mentioned may or may not be Buommattei's Delia lingua toscana ... libre due, 5th edn., Florence, 1760, which is listed in the Catalogue.