Adams Family Correspondence, volume 15
If your two letters of 16 May, and 3. instt: have hitherto remained unanswered you must impute it to a multiplicity of
occupations, which for the last month have so entirely engross’d my time, as scarcely to
leave me a moment for the pleasure of conversing with my friends either by word of mouth
or by epistolary conveyance—1 The address
to the fire Society, you doubtless received as soon as was practicable after its
publication, and if you have had the patience to read it, there is no occasion for me to
say any thing further to you about it— Of its reception I have no reason to complain—
But as owing to the Bostonian love of Orations, which Oldschool told you of, there have
been two public discourses delivered there already since my address; this as you will
readily imagine is now sunk deep in the vale of Oblivion—2
From the 26th: of last Month our
General Court have been in Session, and you will find the temper of their politics, in
the answers of the two Houses to the Governor’s Speech— You will observe I was not upon
the Committee of the Senate for drawing up the answer— There was not much debate except
upon the clause which declares so decisively in favour of an independent judiciary.—
This was objected against, as containing an oblique censure upon the famous Acts of the
late Session of Congress— The clause was however retained by a large majority 19 to
11.—3 Indeed out of the 40 Senators
there are only 12 of the established political church— The rest are all of the Sect.— In the house of Representatives the majority is
likewise decisive, and larger than it was the last year.4
The people in general are however warmer than the legislature, and in their disposition of disgust against the federal administration require a curb rather than a spur— If the Majority in Congress continue to drive so like the driving of Jehu—for two years more; they will find it necessary to raise troops again, and the more or less General, will have occasion for all the precision of his military powers.—5 Yet hitherto there is not an idea formed of organized resistance, nor is there the remotest danger of any such attempt, 211 unless the Church should continue its career of violence not merely against the sect, but against the territory— The sentiment that New-England is systematically degraded, injured, and contemned by the federal administration, is that upon which our people feel the sorest, and indeed the thing is so obvious and so glaring, that the jacobins themselves can scarcely have the face to deny it— Most of them indeed feel it as much as the federalists, and the church unless it shall reform its practice, will certainly not be able to keep them within the pale.
Thus you see what has become of my resolutions to renounce the career of politics— I must confess it, with some confusion of face— I have again suffered myself to be launched upon the tempestuous sea, contrary to the dictates of my better judgment, and my full conviction that it is all vanity and vexation of spirit—6 My private affairs must suffer of course, and my professional pursuits will be much impeded, if not altogether arrested.
Oldschool I observe is publishing Bülow’s tour at full length; and from the large portions which he admits into every paper, I presume his assistance from other quarters is very small— I think his cause is irretrievably gone, and question whether he will be able to complete the year— I wish it were in my power to give him more effectual aid, but for the present I find it utterly impossible— He has not yet publish’d the letter from old Franklin which I sent you— I will send on some more as soon as I can, but Shaw is just now so busy that he has not time to copy.7
Your’s affectionately.
P. S. I want you to send me by the first opportunity, two copies
of Mr: Jefferson’s book, upon the rules and forms of the
Senate of the United States—8
RC (NNPM:MA 22298); internal address: “T. B. Adams Esqr.”
TBA’s letter of 16 May is above; that of 3 June has not been found.
JQA was likely referring to sermons that were
delivered by Rev. Abiel Abbot to the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of Boston
and Rev. Eliphalet Porter to the Humane Society on 7 and 8 June, respectively, both of
which were described as “ingenious” (D/JQA/24, APM Reel 27; Boston Columbian Centinel, 9 June).
On 1 June Gov. Caleb Strong delivered his opening address to the
Mass. General Court, criticizing state and federal partisanship and expressing hope
that members of the legislature would act as “the faithful Agents of the Commonwealth,
and not the leaders or instruments of a party.” The house of representatives presented
its answer to Strong’s address on 3 June, praising his condemnation of “party spirit,”
which “proved the bane of every Republic, and which is the principal, if not the only
source of the calamities which threaten a free and independent People.” After lengthy
debates about whether to include a clause affirming the importance of an independent
judiciary, the senate presented its 212 answer to Strong
on 5 June, declaring “an Independent Judiciary as one of the best supports and most
essential attributes of a free Government” (Boston Columbian
Centinel, 2, 5, 9 June; D/JQA/24, 3, 4 June, APM Reel 27).
The Boston Columbian Centinel, 29
May, reported that the recent elections to the Mass. General Court increased the
Federalist majority over the Democratic-Republicans from 46 to 65, noting, “So much
for the progress of Virginiaism in Massachusetts!” A complete list of those who served was
included in the Columbian Centinel, 9 June.
2 Kings, 9:20.
Ecclesiastes, 1:14.
Although he did not serve as JQA’s secretary, William Smith Shaw lived with him, LCA, and GWA from 21 June until at least 26 Sept. 1803 (D/JQA/24, APM Reel 27; D/JQA/27, APM Reel 30).
Thomas Jefferson, A Manual of
Parliamentary Practice. For the Use of the Senate of the United States,
Washington, D.C., was published on 27 Feb. 1801, the day before Jefferson resigned as
president of the Senate. Jefferson’s work guided congressional practices through much
of the nineteenth century (Jefferson, Papers
, 31:401).
th:June 1802
I received your short note, accompanying the Oration delivered by my brother, before the charitable fire Association, and thank you for the promptness of your attention in transmitting it.1 The perusal of it was a rich repast, and though its merit did not surpass, it fully equalled my expectations.
I am yet to hear from you, in answer
to some of my late communications. You have certainly lost that kakoethes scribendi,2 which was
wont to beset you so easily. I remember to have predicted your recovery from the
disorder, at no very remote period, but you were then incredulous. You ought not
however, wholly to relinquish the habits of writing to your friends, for they sensibly
feel the loss of your once frequent addresses. I beg of you, if you can give me any private information, to impart it speedily. What have you
done with the charge, & the last letter? My destiny is
hard & somewhat peculiar. If constancy & perseverance ever deserved to triumph,
I think mine one of those cases, which has strong claims to favor and victory. God only
knows when. Nil desperandum, is a good motto, in some cases, but nil sperandum is
the destiny of a galley-slave.3 I know
not which motto is most appropriate to me.
The newspapers will have informed you, that a work entitled the
history of the Administration of John Adams, and an account of the suppression of the same, by Col Burr, are now selling at New
York & at this place.4
I have submitted to the drudgery of wading through both of these
productions, and I can aver, that I never met with so lame, bald & contemptible
performances, on any subject. The Author, (if indeed he deserves the name of author, who
has ransacked the Jacobin 213 journals for
materials, and no other source, and then dignifies them with the title history) was so
well aware of the nothingness of his compilation, that he became the willing instrument
of Col Burr who hired him to strangle his own bastard; but falling out, afterwards with
his employer—he reveals the murder, which of course never
took place, since the original history comes out at the same moment with the account of
its death. Now this is a specimen of Irish logic; but the work was made to sell.
There are hundreds of libellous expressions & passages
interspersed throughout, but what is a little singular is, that Col: Hamilton &
General Pinckney are both extolled in character & person. Their Biography is taken
from federal newspapers and interlarded, here & there with an abusive or scandalous
anecdote. The utmost malignity & scurrility of the writer is directed at John Adams,
but there is no word of it, that will be credited by a single human being.5 The newspaper of last night says, the noted John
Wood, author &ca:
has absconded.
6
We have just entered upon summer-weather here, and we shall have enough before it leaves us—apprehensions of Yellow fever are stronger this year than ever, on account of the troops in the West Indies.7
Friends here are well; remember me kindly to all.
Your’s truly
RC (MWA:Adams Family Letters); addressed: “William S Shaw / Boston”; internal address: “W. S. Shaw.”; endorsed: “13 June / T B Adams / Ans 23 June”; docketed: “1802 / June 13.”
Not found.
An irresistable urge to write (
OED
).
“Never despair” (Horace, Odes and
Epodes, transl. C. E. Bennett, Cambridge, 1968, Book I, Ode 7, line 27).
TBA’s alternate version translates to “Never hope.”
The Philadelphia Gazette, 8 June,
advertised the publication of John Wood’s History of the
Administration of John Adams, Esq., Late President of the United States, N.Y.,
1802, Shaw-Shoemaker, No. 3581, and
A Narrative of the Suppression by Col. Burr, of the History
of the Administration of John Adams, late President of the United States, N.Y.,
1802, Shaw-Shoemaker, No. 2021. Wood
(ca. 1775–1822), a political writer and Scottish immigrant to New York in 1800,
offered a scathing condemnation of JA as a “monarchical President.” The
latter work, published anonymously by James Cheetham (1772–1810), a British expatriate
and outspoken political commentator, documented Aaron Burr’s role in the suppression
of Wood’s History between late 1801 and May 1802. Burr
believed that Wood’s work would harm his faction of New York Democratic-Republicans by
unraveling fragile alliances they had forged with Federalists. Thus, he convinced Wood
that they needed to repurchase the book from its publishers, William Barlass and
Matthias Ward. After protracted negotiations, by 12 May Burr’s associate William Peter
Van Ness paid Barlass and Ward $1,000 for 1,250 copies of the work. A little less than
two weeks later, Cheetham, who believed Burr was engaged in a determined effort to
undermine Thomas Jefferson, advertised his Narrative in
the New York American Citizen, 24 May, and published it
five days later. With Wood’s History now widely
publicized, efforts to suppress it ceased 214 and it was put on
sale on 3 June (Burr, Political Correspondence
, 2:641–648, 696–698,
725–726; Wood, History of the Administration of John
Adams, p. 2; Narrative of the Suppression, p. 34;
Jefferson, Papers
, 36:82–88, 228–229; Thomas N. Baker, “‘An Attack Well
Directed,’ Aaron Burr Intrigues for the Presidency,”
JER
, 31:571–575 [Winter
2011]).
Wood drew from partisan sources for his History of the Administration of John Adams, including the Philadelphia Aurora General Advertiser, letters from William Duane, the
works of James Thomson Callender, and personal commentary from people in New York City
and Philadelphia. Wood charged that JA’s “anglo-federal” presidential
administration pursued a “system of persecution” against its opponents and argued that
he should have been impeached following the implementation of the Alien and Sedition
Acts. Wood also described JA as “vain” and with ‘a disposition both cruel
and ungenerous.” In contrast, Wood praised Alexander Hamilton’s military service but
lamented that “as a political character, he has been the greatest misfortune.” He also
offered muted praise of Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, opining that he had “at least
some principles of honor” (Burr, Political Correspondence
, 2:642; Wood, History of the Administration of John Adams, p. 162, 208,
246, 323, 328, 346, 465).
Wood departed New York City in early June for Canada, where he
hoped to investigate rumors of British infringements on the American fur trade. His
departure prompted the Philadelphia Gazette, 12 June, to
report that he had “absconded.” Wood returned to New York in early July (Burr, Political
Correspondence
, 2:730–731).
Napoleon received Saint Domingue’s Constitution of 1801 in
October, and believing that Gen. Toussaint Louverture had overstepped his authority,
he sent a force of nearly 22,000 soldiers and 20,000 sailors in Jan. 1802 to reassert
French control over the island. The French succeeded by May, but a yellow fever
epidemic eventually claimed the lives of more than 10,000 French troops (Jefferson, Papers
, 37:27, 600; Laurent Dubois, Avengers of
the New World: The Story of the Haitian Revolution, Cambridge, 2004, p. 251,
253–254; Thomas O. Ott, The Haitian Revolution,
1789–1804, Knoxville, Tenn., 1973, p. 170).
TBA wrote again to Shaw on [ante 20] and 28 June, discussing publications they had exchanged and
commenting on recent items in the Port Folio.
TBA also discussed JQA’s activities in the Mass. senate
(both MWA:Adams Family Letters).