Adams Family Correspondence, volume 15

John Quincy Adams to Thomas Boylston Adams, 22 January 1804 Adams, John Quincy Adams, Thomas Boylston
John Quincy Adams to Thomas Boylston Adams
22. January 1804.

I do not take the Washington Federalist; and it is now in general so poorly conducted as hardly to be worth sending you if I did— But I sent you some time since one of its numbers, and will send you others if they should contain any thing interesting to the fire-side. 1

I can also inclose to you the Intelligencer which contains a pretty good report of the debates in the House— Those in the Senate are not reported at-all, unless upon some favourite topic— And as hearers are now shut out from our floor, we are as undisturbed as if the galleries were always closed— I am not sorry for this—for if our debates were reported I am afraid the fire-side itself would think me too loquacious.

Louisiana Revenue, Louisiana Government, and AMERICAN (say read FOREIGN) Seamen, are now the important topics of controversy— You will mark in the Journals and papers I send you the progress of the two first—the third is meant to drive us into a War with England, and I fear will answer its purpose— Yet as the TITLE of the bills is for the protection of American Seamen, and Seamen of the United States, when I attacked its frantic provisions, at the second reading, I wish you had seen the hornet’s nest that burst down upon my head on the first day’s debate— Not a soul supported me in my principle, and half the federalists declared against me— However they at last thought it was worth thinking a little more about, and at the second day’s debate the federalists rallied a little, and the others began to stagger— Tuesday it is to come on again— My amendment will be rejected, I suppose unanimously—or at least next to it— Some modification however will take place, but not enough to make the Law consistent with the Laws of Nations.—2 The project is a deep-laid one, and they thought, by the colour of protecting American Seamen to scare all opposition out of doors— The fraud however is 328 detected and I hope will be exposed. There is not one single word for the protection of American Seamen in either of the bills— It is to protect British Seamen, deserting from the British service, and contriving to get on board an American Merchant vessel, even within the British Jurisdiction— To protect a sailor, who may desert from a Man of War in the river Thames, against impressment by his lawful Commander.— Judge of the principle and its inevitable consequences.

Adieu.

RC (Adams Papers); endorsed: “John Q Adams Esqr: / 22d: Jany 1804 / 3d: Feby Recd: / 5th: Answd:.”

1.

No letter from JQA to TBA enclosing a copy of the Washington Federalist, has been found; he may have been referring to the enclosure mentioned in his letter to AA of 22 Dec. 1803, and note 3, above. Former Richmond, Va., printer William Alexander Rind was editor of the newspaper from its founding in 1800 until 1807 (Douglas C. McMurtrie, A History of Printing in the United States, 2 vols., N.Y., 1936, 2:265).

2.

The renewal of war between Great Britain and France in May 1803 dramatically increased the British Navy’s need for crewmen. The result was an intensified campaign of British impressment of sailors from American vessels. Only British seamen were ostensibly subject to impressment, but Americans who could not prove their citizenship or who were recently naturalized were often taken. The problem was exacerbated by impressed British subjects who sought refuge under the American flag. A series of actions by Congress sought to address impressment. On 10 Jan. 1804 Joseph Hopper Nicholson of Maryland introduced an anti-impressment bill in the House of Representatives, while on 14 Jan. Samuel Smith, also of Maryland, introduced a companion bill in the Senate that authorized the president to bar from U.S. ports any vessels involved with impressment of foreign sailors. The Senate debated the bill on 18 and 19 Jan., during which time the amendment JQA mentioned failed. The bill was tabled until 27 Feb. and then postponed until December. Facing opposition from both sides of the aisle, the bill never became law. A 20 Jan. letter from JQA to William Smith Shaw (DLC:John Quincy Adams Papers), making similar arguments as those advanced in this letter, was extracted in the Philadelphia Gazette of the United States, 18 Feb. (Madison, Papers, Secretary of State Series , 6:215–216; U.S. House, Jour. , 8th Cong., 1st sess., p. 524; A Bill to Provide for the Further Protection of American Seamen, Washington, D.C., 1804, Shaw-Shoemaker, No. 7485; U.S. Senate, Jour. , 8th Cong., 1st sess., p. 338, 341, 342, 366; A Bill Further to Protect the Seamen of the United States, Washington, D.C., 1804, Shaw-Shoemaker, No. 7442; Plumer, Memorandum of Proceedings , p. 109–110, 146–147; Paul A. Gilje, Free Trade and Sailors’ Rights in the War of 1812, N.Y., 2013, p. 174–176).

Abigail Adams to John Quincy Adams, 23 January 1804 Adams, Abigail Adams, John Quincy
Abigail Adams to John Quincy Adams
my dear son Quincy Janry 23 1804

I am sorry to say that I write you from my Sick Chamber, where I have been confined for near a week with the Severest attack of the Rhumatism Which I have experienced for many Years in my Limbs. I hope it will not be very durable, but Submission is my lesson, and patience my Study—

We last Evening received the port folio containing the Character of your much Loved Friend.1 I read it with a sympathizing heart, 329 and dropt a tear over the well delineated Character. no Man in this Country so well knew his worth, or perhaps so possessd his confidence, as he who has paid this tribute of Justice & respect to his memory. towards that Friend Mr Murray always exprest an invariable attachment from his earlyest acquaintance.

At length we have been favord with part of a debate in a Washington paper upon the alteration of the constitution. it has not yet graced our Boston papers. it is a full refutation to mr Russels correspondent.2 if the subject of Bridges so much more important does not engrose all the papers in Boston a Month hence it may appear.3 I presume You have had the pamphlet which creates So great allarm in Newyork under the Signature of Aristides. amidst a torrent of calumny, there are many observation Worthy of note to which every honest Heart will Subscribe. that which I particularly allude to, is upon the Subject of parties, “That a Man is bound to pursue indiscriminately the measures of his Party, however unjust in themselves, or Dangerous to the Community, is a doctrine not novel in this Country, but not the less Wicked. That in defiance of his own conviction he should be driven by an exasperated party, to the Support of measures Which he deems hostile to the prosperity & happiness of the Nation, supposes too outrageous an attack on Mental independance to be tollerated for a Moment”4 I wish the Blind followers of the Blind would consider concequences, but what else is to be expected from those who compose the Majority of Voters? How few look into concequences, or see the end and aim of measures which they adopt? You will find yourself constantly rolling up the Stone of Syssiphus

Your Brother received a Letter from You to day of Janry 6th5

the point of Etiqutte is curiously adjusted. We are told in Scripture that the wife is the crown of the Husband.6 I certainly would not so much underrate myself as to Yeald a point, which my Husband considerd necessary to Support his dignity. What the Ladies Yeald! give up their Etiquette and their Husbands retain theirs? oh fie— never let the Gentlemen again accuse them upon this Head—

I wrote to You and to Mrs Adams last week, but I realy was so Stupified for want of rest, that I know not what I wrote.7

Your Uncle & Aunt are Without a line from washington to assertain the Situation of Mrs Cranch. I trust She is not worse, or You would have said Something respecting her in your Letter

My Love to mrs Adams and the Children from your truly affectionate Mother

Abigail Adams
330

RC (Adams Papers).

1.

For JQA’s obituary of William Vans Murray, see his letter to AA of 22 Dec. 1803, and note 2, above.

2.

JQA’s speech during the debate of the 12th Amendment, for which see his 9 Dec. letter to AA , and note 1, above, appeared in the Washington Federalist, 2 Jan. 1804. Despite AA’s assertion to the contrary, the Boston Columbian Centinel, 18 Jan., had already printed the speech. The Boston Independent Chronicle, 26 Jan., printed a summary of JQA’s remarks drawn from the Philadelphia Aurora General Advertiser, 6, 7 Jan., which the Centinel, 28 Jan., condemned as “mutilated members of sentences, and partial extracts.”

3.

A group of Boston speculators purchased 148 acres on Dorchester Neck in the summer of 1803 and on 27 Dec. proposed that it be annexed to Boston. The plan proved controversial because a proposed bridge to the neck from South Street in Boston cut off wharves in South Bay, and the new lots reduced property values in the South End. Boston newspapers covered the issue in detail, as proponents argued the necessity of the land for the expanding city and that the bridge would provide a new route south for travelers. Residents approved the plan in town meetings of 17 and 30 Jan. 1804 and the Mass. General Court did so on 6 March. A bridge in a less controversial location further south at present day East Berkeley Street opened on 1 Oct. 1805, and the newly annexed land became known as South Boston (Nancy S. Seasholes, Gaining Ground: A History of Landmaking in Boston, Cambridge, 2003, p. 238, 240–241, 243; New-England Palladium, 6 Jan. 1804; Boston Columbian Centinel, 21 Jan.; Boston Independent Chronicle, 23 Jan.).

4.

Aristides, An Examination of the Various Charges Exhibited against Aaron Burr, N.Y., 1803, p. 97–98, Shaw-Shoemaker, No. 5491. William Peter Van Ness wrote the Dec. 1803 pamphlet in response to attacks on Aaron Burr by printer James Cheetham, whose goal was to replace Burr with George Clinton as the Democratic-Republican candidate for vice president in the 1804 presidential election. Van Ness argued that Clinton was subject to the undue influence of his nephew DeWitt Clinton and criticized Thomas Jefferson for failing to defend Burr. The pamphlet emboldened Burr to file a libel suit against Cheetham (Isenberg, Fallen Founder , p. 243, 246, 250–251).

5.

Not found.

6.

Proverbs, 12:4.

7.

Not found.