I enclose you a paper, which contains the Sentence referred to in my last, passed upon the troopers who flogged Duane.1 You will be able to form from the perusal of it, a more accurate opinion of the merits, than you could from my statement.

The Circuit Court of the United States, under the new organization, opened on Monday— Present the three Judges— I attended & heard the charge delivered by Judge Tilghman; it was well received & I think, deservedly so. The Grand jury was summoned by the new Marshal and though composed of respectable characters, was a very mixed assemblage.

I have been since Monday noon until last evening at Norristown County Court, and did not hear the proceedings in the case of the Senate against Duane— You will see by the papers the grounds upon which the trial was postponed to next term— The non-attendance of the Commissioners named on behalf of the Senate to take depositions, was assigned as the principal inducement to put off the cause— Mr: Otis was one of the Commissioners & can inform you why he did not attend a second time.2 It is said he left Washington before the second day of meeting arrived. I have no doubt that he had the best of reasons for not going or rather for not staying till the second meeting, and the bare-faced impudence of Duane in making this a pretext for postponing his trial, ought not to have availed him. I am really alarmed when I see such a multiplicity of examples, wherein these paltry grounds are admitted in our Courts of Justice to delay the trials of these criminals. Judge Chase is the only instance of firmness on similar occasions that can be produced, & had the principle laid down by him in the case of Cooper & Callender been applied to the present, the trial must have proceeded.3 But who can bear to be libelled in the Aurora?

I am cordially your friend

I have received two Letters from you since I wrote to you, one 26 April, the last 2d May—inclosing one from Your Brother, which I now return, without knowing what advice to give You; upon the Subject of it; in what productive property you can place his interest, excepting those he has prohibited you from, I know not,1 the funds of this State Stand well, and are to be had with great difficulty, the funds did not feel the depression here; which they experienced in Your disorganizing State: I cannot say what will be their fate— with a Genevian at the Head of the treasury; and Such measures as may be prosecuted by those who now hold the Reins of Goverment.2 My own faith is but as a Grain of Mustard,3 yet all the little ready money income we possess, is in the funds, and I think I should still venture more if I had it; Burrs maxim was, if you have but one chance in a hundred, risk that one, I do not however hold up Burr as a model for any one to follow, tho he gaind his hundredth chance. Neck or nothing; may do for those who are desperate, but for a prudent man who is studying how to make his little, more productive the doctrine of chances is a bad one— I think if your Brother was upon the Spot, he would Vest his property at this present time in the public funds, 74 Say some in one kind, and some in an other; your the task devolved upon You is a difficult one; and must make You very anxious and solicitous; as to real estate, we have not any here which will Yeald 8 pr cent—and I know you will endeavour to do for the best;

In reading the Letters of the late Lord Littleton who you know was a very dissolute and proffligate Character, tho possesst of great tallents, I was Struck with the justness of the following observations, which are so perfectly correct that I cannot refrain transcribing them. in a pennatentiary Letter to a Friend, he says “When I Seriously reflect on the miseries of dependance, by what ever name it may be distinguished, I cannot but admire the prudence, and envy the disposition, of those Men who preserve themselves above it. I am convinced, that no Man can be happy, or honorable, who does not proportionate his expences to the means he possesses: if your creditor is a shoemaker and you cannot discharge his Bill, whatever your rank may be, he becomes your Master Superiour; and the moment you put it out of your power to pay a Servant his wages, he becomes Your Master. the circumspect use of money, arising, not from any avaricious principle, but from the wise practise of applying means to ends, will keep a Man in that State of independence which is the Rock of Life. on that foundation he can stand firm, return the haughty look, Smile at the supercilious frown, give truth its due force, and Scorn the embroidered lie. Without a liberal prudence, virtue is continually harrassed by Necessity, pleasure has but an interrupted enjoyment, and Life becomes a Chequered Scene of agitation and Distress.[”]4

these Sentiments are so conformable to my own feelings, that there is not a superfluity I would not readily relinquish a convenience that I would not curtail; to preserve that independance upon that plan I am now practiseing. My Household are lessend, and I do not fail to put my own hands to many of those Services, which have been performed for me by others, feeling gratefull that the blessing of health is indulged to me in a larger proportion than formerly, and thankfull for that early Education which taught me to rise early and deal out my portion to my household— if now and then a qualm of mortification passes through my mind, at seeing those riches wealth Liberty and Peace Squanderd away, which has been the Price of 40 Years incessant toil; I endeavour to suppress it, by the reflection, that a consciousness of having done well is the Sweet reward of virtue—

Your sentiments respecting the Retirement of those great Characters who have borne a distinguished part in the Government of our 75 Country are perfectly correct; daily instances occur which prove that there Services are duly appreciated by individuals in the most remote and distant parts of the united States, and a gratefull fame will wait upon their memory, (unless by the new change in human affairs) the great and good Men of this Country and period shall be lost to the knowledge of distant generations; From the specimins already given we have every reason to expect that the corruption of the times, has given to dissolute Men the need of Virtue; to be destitute of moral principle is no bar to promotion, there is even encouragement to be wicked; and as Some one Said upon a similar occasion, the Devil certainly goes about in more pleasing Shapes than that of a roaring lion.5 our Town of Boston, is now represented by Austin alias Honestus, dr Jarvis, George Blake, and others of Similar politicks. the Jacobins have carried all their measures, except in a Gov’r and that would have been in the same way, if it had depended upon Boston; we are to undergo a state of Humiliation and persecution, and it will be well for us, if it works out repentance and reformation—6 We want the Scourge, for like Jeserun, we have waxed fat and kicked—7 our exclusive Patriots have great reason to exult, in the work of their own hands in Spight of all the turmoil in the political World, the Feilds look Green, the trees Bloom, and the Season promisses a plentifull supply let us then rejoice and be Glad, for the Lord Reigneth8

William & John Smith have returned to Quincy, and are going to atkinson— I expect Sally and child next week to pass the summer. Let me hear often from you, present me kindly to all inquiring Friends and be assured of the tenderest / affection of your Mother