Adams Family Correspondence, volume 15
st:May 1801.
I received your favor of the 16th: on
the 23d: instt:. My time has
been so much taken up, during the week past with removing my Office & lodgings, that
I could not conveniently devote any portion of it to return you an answer. I have now
obtained an establishment, which has long been the object of my wishes, namely an Office
under the same roof, where I lodge; in a pleasant part of Walnut street, nearly opposite
to Dr: Rush, and my board in a private family; that family
also, my friend Mr: Rutter’s, where I have always been
treated with the kindness of a brother, and where I am sure of receiving every attention
& indulgence, which I could wish.1
Next to the hope of some day or other having a family, which may properly 85 be called my own, I have indulged none more ardently
than that of dwelling under the same roof with the one wherein I now am fixed. I
calculate on many accounts, that it will prove a more eligible situation, than the
former, and among others, that I shall be able to curtail many considerable expences,
which I could not help incurring in a lodging house. My Office rent is less & my
board cheaper. For all these advantages in favor of your Son, which the friendship of
Mrs: Rutter has procured, I hope you will do me the favor
to Send the two pounds of Cotton, which I have so often
troubled you about before & of which I gave you a sample.2
The good old lady Mrs: Jones, mother to
Mrs: Rutter, died on the 4th:
of this month, at her place in the Country, where she had lately gone to pass the
Summer.3 I went to her funeral and
witnessed the affliction of a numerous concourse of mourning relatives & friends. Of
ten children, nine were present, on the occasion, & paid the last tribute of respect
to the remains of a tender parent. I do not remember to have been more affected by any
instance of mortality, out of not occurring in my
own family. The infirmities of old age—& the decay of nature, more than any
particular disease, contributed to the removal of this worthy & respectable woman
from this sphere, and such was the purity of her life, that her surviving friends and
acquaintance, may indulge a rational belief, that death has translated her to a better
world.
I may associate with the preceding, the information of another
loss, which our City has sustained by the death of Mrs:
Bingham, of whose illness & long confinement you may have heard. After all hope of
her recovery was given over by her Physicians, the last prescription they could give
with a prospect of benefit or relief, was a voyage to some Southern climate. She was
accordingly embarked on board a ship, accompanied by her husband daughter & Sister
& a young Physician. The first effects of a change of air were very favorable &
flattered her friends, that her case was less desperate than they had imagined; she
sustained the voyage, however, very poorly, and Survived her arrival at Bermudas, but
three days. Mr: Bingham returned with the rest, a day or two
ago & was the first to announce the fatal tidings to the family of his deceased
lady, who, as you will readily suppose, are plunged, by this stroke of the fell
destroyer, into the abyss of woe & grief.4 Mrs: Bingham is said
to have borne her tediouss illness, with uncommon fortitude, & when hope had utterly
forsaken her own bosom, she displayed a perfect example of resignation. You will feel
for the distress of her family, on this mournful 86 occasion; for
whether he visit the palace or the Cottage, death is alike afflictive, and his
dispensations must excite our regret & command our sympathy whether are they be shared by the opulent or by the
indigent.5
About three weeks ago I happened, by accident, to hear that an
Execution had been levied upon the household furniture &ca: of Stuart the painter, and also upon his paintings, and that the sale was to
take place, at Germantown, on the same day that the information was communicated. I felt
alarmed for the safety of your portrait & my father’s, so I resolved to set off on
the pious & laudable expedition, to redeem my parents from “durance vile” and
ignominious bondage. I found however, upon my arrival, that my father’s picture had not
been seized or levied upon, but that your’s had, and upon my assurance, that the picture
was already paid for, the Sheriff consented to withdraw your representative, from the
fangs of the law.6 I left the portrait in
Stuart’s hands, but I have no idea it will ever be finished, unless you should stimulate
his attention, by a letter. There is no appearance of any thing more having been done
towards finishing the painting, than when I saw it a twelvemonth, or more, ago. I have
never said a word to him on the subject, for until he told me, I knew not that the
picture was paid for. Moreover I know he is an oddity & I never could deal with such
a character; for if men will take offence, when you exact from them, only justice &
fidelity, I never could discover wherein they differ from knaves. If you write a few
lines, of a complimentary nature to him, perhaps he may take it into his head to finish
your picture; but unless something is said to him on the subject, he never will put a
brush to it again. It so happened, that your picture was the only one seized, as it was
in his house & not in his stable, which he occupies as
his painting room. The debt for which this execution was taken out, was to an English
Creditor and of long standing— How soon he may be served with similar process, for debts
contracted here, is more than I can answer. I value your picture, quite as much as any
body in this part of the Country, and I shall endeavor to rescue it from future exposure
in this way.
I have received, of late, from my brother, many letters, the latest
of which is of March 29th: They are chiefly relative to
literary topic’s, but on the subject of his own affairs he has given me certain
instructions, that I shall find it difficult to comply with. The rate of Exchange is so
low at present, between this & London, that I cannot draw his money from thence,
without a sacrifice. I intend shortly to 87 make a remittance,
on his behalf, to Dr: Tufts, and leave it to his judgment,
how to invest it.
Present me kindly to my father & all friends. / Your Son
RC (Adams
Papers); addressed: “Mrs: A Adams. / Quincy”;
internal address: “Mrs: A Adams”; docketed: “T B A to A A
/ May 31st 1801.”
TBA moved his office from 161 Chestnut Street and
his lodgings from the house of Martha Roberts to the home of Philadelphia accountant
Samuel Rutter (ca. 1763–1809) and his wife, Sarah Jones Rutter, at 113 Walnut Street,
near the residence of Dr. Benjamin Rush, which stood at the corner of Walnut and 4th
Streets (vols. 13:471; 14:269, 270, 420;
Philadelphia Directory
, 1802,
p. 14, 211, Shaw-Shoemaker, No. 2893;
PHC:Philadelphia Yearly Meeting
Minutes, Record of Interments, 2:84).
For TBA’s order of cotton for Sarah Rutter, see vol. 14:468–469, 470.
Susanna Evans Jones (b. 1720) died at Merion, Penn., on 4 May
(Howard M. Jenkins, Historical Collections Relating to
Gwynedd, a Township of Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, 2d edn., Phila., 1897,
p. 158; Philadelphia Gazette, 16 May).
Anne Willing Bingham was suffering from consumption when she
departed Philadelphia on 14 April with her husband, William, daughter Maria Bingham de
Tilly, and sister Abigail Willing aboard the ship America, Capt. Wills. The vessel was bound for Hamburg, but the captain stood
ready “to put into any port agreeable to Mr. Bingham, the ill health of whose lady has
induced him to make this voyage.” The Binghams were accompanied by Dr. John Proudfit,
who joined the staff of the Philadelphia General Hospital later in the year. The party
disembarked in Bermuda, where Anne Bingham died on 11 May and was interred in the
cemetery of St. Peter’s Church. The rest of the Bingham family departed on 16 May on
the schooner Thetis, Capt. Webb, arriving in Philadelphia
on the 26th. The Philadelphia Gazette, 26 May, carried a
notice of Bingham’s death, while the Boston Columbian
Centinel, 6 June, printed an obituary of the 37-year-old, calling her
“distinguished by the elegance of her person and manners” and “the superior
accomplishments of her mind” (vols. 9:168, 14:147; David
Hackett Fischer, Liberty and Freedom, N.Y., 2005, p. 239;
Philadelphia Gazette of the United States, Philadelphia
Gazette, both 14 April;
TBA to AA, 26 April, above; Frederick P. Henry,
Founders’ Week Memorial Volume, Phila., 1909, p.
440–441; Margaret L. Brown, “Mr. and Mrs. William Bingham of Philadelphia: Rulers of
the Republican Court,”
PMHB
, 61:321 [July 1937]).
Horace, Odes, Book I, Ode iv, lines
13–14.
Philadelphia sheriff Israel Israel advertised in the Philadelphia
American Daily Advertiser, 8 May, that possessions of
artist Gilbert Stuart would be auctioned at his Germantown, Penn., studio on 11 May to
satisfy debts, and that sale items included household goods, kitchen furniture, books,
a horse, and “a number of PRINTS and PAINTINGS.” The advertisement was repeated in the
same newspaper on 11 May, the day TBA learned of the sale. A year earlier
AA had paid $100 toward her portrait, though it and Stuart’s portrait
of JA remained unfinished and in the artist’s possession until 1815 (vol.
14:xiii–xiv, 249).
d:June 1801.
I take the liberty to enclose to your care a letter for my brother,
who may possibly be in England, on his way to America, about the time this will arrive
in that Country. I have been instructed by my brother, as long ago as the beginning of
February, that I might draw 88 bills upon you, to
the amount of £ Stg 1400, and the reason why I have not
complied with his wishes, in this respect, is ascribable only to the low rate of
Exchange between the two Countries. I think it adviseable to wait for a more favorable
market, which may possibly occur in the course of the summer or autumn.1
It is not in my power to present you with any information of an interesting nature, that will be recommended by its novelty. The general triumph of democratic candidates for office, throughout the Country, to the exclusion of better principles & abler heads, is a fact, as little equivocal, as any I could name. Your adopted State has lately made itself conspicuous, by a general “return to the error of her ways,” and our native State seems to be rapidly declining in the wisdom & energy of her Councils. I cannot help deploring these circumstances, because they manifestly are the offspring of error & delusion in the public mind, but time may possibly effect a remedy for this malady, which could not be accomplished by violence.
Our newspapers have very lately presented us with your correspondence with the new Ministry on the subject of our captured vessels. We are not a little proud, that the energetic & dignified language of your Note to Lord Hawkesbury was attended with the desired effect.2
I beg leave to present my best respects to Mrs: King,3 & have the honor
to be / Sir, / Your very hble & obedt: Servt
RC (NHi:Rufus King Papers); addressed: “Rufus King Esqr: / Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States / London”; internal
address: “Rufus King Esqr:”; endorsed: “Tho: B: Adams / 2d. June 1801 /
Recd. July 6.”; notation: “wrote same Evg. to Bird S. & Bird / to state the probability that the
Drafts / wd. not be made till the Autumn / and ask if it
wd. suit them to / allow Mr.
J. Q. Adams interest for the / money while the same shall have been / in their hands—”
and “Mill hill Middlesex” and “Martha. Martin.”
TBA wrote to JQA on 31 May, not found ( TBA to JQA, 8 June, below). For JQA’s 7 Feb. letter to TBA, see vol. 14:559–562.
On 12 April, King wrote to James Madison about his ongoing
efforts to address British depredations on U.S. shipping in the West Indies, for which
see
AA to
TBA, 22 April, and note 4, above. King enclosed copies of
correspondence with the president of the Board of Trade, Charles Jenkinson, 1st Earl
of Liverpool and formerly 1st Baron Hawkesbury (1729–1808), in which King objected to
the condemnation of the U.S. brigantine Leopard, Capt.
Ropes. On 20 Oct. 1800 a British admiralty court in the Bahamas had condemned the Leopard for carrying Spanish trade goods from a U.S. port
to a Spanish colony. King’s enclosures included a 16 March 1801 advocate-general’s
report overturning the condemnation on the grounds that a neutral nation could carry
products from a country at war with Britain to a colony of that country as long as
there was an intermediate stop at a neutral port. King proposed to Madison that the
documents be published in U.S. newspapers “as the most expeditious means of
communicating them to the cruising Ships and Privateers in the American Seas.” The 89 correspondence was duly printed in the
Washington, D.C., National Intelligencer, 27 May 1801,
and the Philadelphia Gazette, 30 May (
DNB
; King, Life and
Corr.
, 3:426–429; Madison,
Papers, Secretary of State Series
, 1:91).
Mary Alsop (1769–1819), the daughter of New York merchant John
Alsop and Mary Frogat Alsop, married Rufus King in 1786 (vol. 7:142;
DNB
; Names of Persons for Whom Marriage Licenses were Issued by the Secretary of the
Province of New York, Previous to 1784, Albany, N.Y., 1860, p. 5).