Papers of John Adams, volume 21
a.the
th.July 1792
I am sorry to inform you that since I had the honor to
write you last no offer, within my Knowlege, has been made for Mrs. Keppele’s house, tho a bill was set up on it
at an early day. I presume your Son has duly communicated this to you
before.
You will see by our public prints that Pennsylvania has
commenced openly its electioneering movements. Two meetings have been held
in the Hall, wherein you sat in the Congress of 1776.1 The citizens filled it to an
inconvenient degree in so warm a season. At the first meeting the Mayor of
Philada (Matthew Clarkson Esquire) was in
the chair. The debates were very animated. Mr.
Lewis (a gentleman of the law late district Judge of the U.S & Attorney
of the U.S.) took the lead on the affirmative side of an appointment of
persons to meet the conferrers of the Counties at Lancaster for the purpose
of agreeing on electors of the Chief
Magistrates and on representatives in the third
Congress. Mr. Dallas, the Governors Secretary,
took the lead the other way. Mr. Bingham &
some others spoke briefly—They were chiefly on the side of the measure,
which was desired by the friends of the general Goverment. This measure was
so far carried that a committe, of one person from the twelve wards of the
134 City, was appointed, and a Majority
were men of discretion & suitable for the service of selecting from the
City five persons out of whom the Town might chuse two to attend the
Conference at Lancaster. On their appointment they retired and brought in
five names among whom were Mr. Lewis & other
suitable persons. The consideration of these persons, and what & whether
any particular instructions should be given to
them was postponed ’till an adjourned meeting on Friday Evening. Tho every
thing had taken a course, which was satisfactory, there was considerable
force—and warmth in the manner of the speakers & in short such
appearances of increasing Heat, that the Mayor is said to have absented
himself from the Friday’s meeting to avoid the Chair. Mr. Powel, who is Speaker of the State Senate
& represents the city in that Body, was placed in the chair. The
gentlemen, who are considered as in the system of state Politics, of whom
Mr. Dallas was the principal and ardent
Spokesman, came prepared for two efforts it is said: one to reject the plan
of a conference—the other to introduce other names, if that plan should
still be adopted. It is said that Mr. Dallas
declaimed much about city & country, rich & poor, the
aristocracy—&ca. After a great deal of
discussion among a very few persons, principally Mr. Lewis, Mr. Wilson & Mr. Dallas the question of nominating conferees
was tried again & decided by the Chairman in the Affirmative. This
produced a pointed address to the Chair, which turned upon his partiality in
declaring the sense of the Meeting to have been expressed in favor of a
conference, when it was said by the speaker (Col. Thos. Forrest) to be manifestly against it. After some discussion the
Chairman retired from his Station. The Moment was confused. I am not
acquainted with the particulars, but the issue was, that one of the
Alderman, lately the Mayor of the City ( John Barclay Esqr.) was placed in the Chair— The meeting became
warm, and somewhat disordered—and rose without adjourning to any other time
at Eleven in the Evening. The plan of the conference is at least
suspended—and things are in a train unpromising to the cause of the
Government. Another meeting is notified as intended on Monday Evening— I am
sorry to remind you of my prognostics of the Course of things on the
occasion of the ensuing Elections in this State. I hope however that some
good use will be made of the Events of last week and that the friends of the
general government, of Pennsylvania, and of this happy people will be roused
to the great exertions, which are manifestly necessary to protect them from
the miseries and crimes which ever flow from public disorder.
I wish, Sir, that this state of our affairs, so far only as your source of information, may
be confidential, as I have moved, and shall continue to move by every
prudent and honest method in the promotion of a good course of things; and I
do not wish to appear any where, more than is necessary. The election of
Representatives will take place the second Tuesday in October, that for the
Chief Magistracy on the same day, I think, in Novemr. There is therefore sufficient time for prudent, & judicious
measures to be adopted, if there be a force willing to carry them.—2
I beg you to do me the Honor of presenting, with my most
respectful Comps. to Mrs. Adams, the enclosed papers on the subject of the Silk worm.
The little treatise, following the eighth page, is written by one of her own
sex, and on the score of perspicuity, utility and public feeling reflects
honor upon the worthy woman.3
Mrs. Coxe, being in the country with four of
our flock, cannot have the Honor to join her respects to mine.—4
It will give you pleasure, sir, to learn that our
Revenues present a satisfactory appearance. The returns of spirits distilled
in the U.S & of Stills for the year following the commencement of the
act (tho incomplete) exhibit a Revenue of very near 300,000 Drs. and the foreign Spirits will probably prove
more than three times that Sum—5
With Sentiments of unfeigned & the highest Respect, I
have the Honor to be, / Sir / your most obedt.
& most h. Servt.
RC (Adams Papers); internal address: “The V. President of the
United States.—”; endorsed: “Mr Coxe. 28.
July 1792.”
From 19 to 31 July Pennsylvania lawmakers clashed
over a method for selecting candidates to the U.S. House of
Representatives in a series of meetings led by Philadelphia mayor
Matthew Clarkson, secretary of the Commonwealth Alexander James Dallas,
and prominent politicians such as William Lewis, William Bingham, James
Wilson, Samuel Powel, Thomas Forrest, and John Barclay. After repeatedly
failing to agree on procedure, attendees adopted two paths forward. A
Federalist-dominated committee of conference took shape, in tandem with
a committee of correspondence steered by Democratic-Republicans. The
Federalist committee held meetings across Pennsylvania, asking
participants to name their candidates. The Democratic-Republican
committee solicited names through private correspondence and county
meetings. Seven politicians earned a place on both party lists, and they
were all elected on 9 October. In addition, the Federalists nominated
James Armstrong, Thomas Fitzsimons, and Thomas Scott, while the
Democratic-Republicans put forth Andrew Gregg, William Montgomery, and
John Smilie (Tinkcom, The Republicans and Federalists in
Pennsylvania, 1790–1801
, p. 51, 54, 55–57, 59, 64,
65–66; Philadelphia Federal Gazette, 31
July; Philadelphia American Daily
Advertiser, 1 Aug.; Philadelphia General Advertiser, 1 Aug.).
For Pennsylvania’s choice of presidential electors, see Coxe's 8 Nov. letter, and note 1, below.
Coxe sent a copy of John Byrne, Some Modern Directions for the Culture and
Manufacture of Silk . . . from the Hatching of the Worm, till the
Silk is Prepared for the Loom, Windham, Conn., 1792, Evans, No. 24802. 136 The “little treatise” has not
been further identified.
In addition to Ann Rebecca, Tench and Rebecca Coxe
Coxe then had four other children: Tench, Jr. (b. 1784), Francis (b.
1789), Alexander (b. 1790), and Charles (b. 1791) (Cooke, Tench Coxe
, p. 236).
Coxe reported to Alexander Hamilton on 25 July that
he had estimated the returns on distilled spirits in order to calculate
the monies owed to the federal excisemen who collected the revenue. Coxe
noted that the total estimate was $1,124,856.74, a figure he based on
the lower returns of 1791 (Hamilton, Papers
, 12:85–94).