Adams Family Correspondence, volume 15
th1802
I have not written you a line since I received yours; from the
Yellow Springs, for some time I knew not where you were, and began at last to feel, not
a little anxious untill I was releived by your Brothers informing me that he had
Received a Letter from you, dated at Philadelphia.1 there again I thought you had too Soon return’d,
as the Weather of Sep’br and chiefly since october came in,
has been intensely Hot, and the fever which has been in Boston, tho chiefly confind to
one Street, has been uncommonly fatal—2
Scarcly one seiz’d has recoverd— In Quincy we have been more healthy than for several
years past. we had upon the Farms Six weeks ago a Malignant Dysentery but it was
confined to a few families, all of which with one exception, recoverd.— I now despair of
seeing you here as the Season is so far advanced. I hope you have derived some benifit
from your excursion through the Summer: we have past an agreable one here; your Brothers
Society, and that of his family have added much to our enjoyment. he usually comes out
on Saturdays, and returns on mondays. his family sometime pass the week with us. George
is a lovely Boy, chatters like a Magpye it would have given me sincere pleasure to have
had a visit from you, but journeying is expensive; and you are the best judge whether
You could afford it— Judge Cranch jun’r and family have been
upon a visit to their Friends ever since June. they leave us this week, as well as mrs
Johnson. they will go to Nyork by water and from thence by land, so that you 229 may possibly see them in Philadelphia, unless they should take a vessel at Newyork
for Washingtown— what a scene is opened there? have Americans any feeling left? can they
Submit to the Government of Duane Cheetham Wood, Lyon, Jones,3 and Callender.? fellows who ought to have been
long ago exalted— is there any American Blood in Pensilvana? or can You only make a
bluster and do nothing.? We are indeed a degraded people, unworthy of the blessings we
have enjoyed, and thrown away: You see by the papers that they are bringing your
Brothers Name foremost upon the federal list, and there is no saying them nay, tho he
has opposed it.4 I am averse to it, as
you know but what can you say against the solicitation of Friends. the urgency and what
they term pressing necessity of the case You sir are the only
man we can bring forward to unite the Federal votes &c &c here I am,
sacrifice me for the public, as you have done those who have gone before me. I have only
one hope that they will even fail to carry him, for I cannot see any prospect of
producing any good— true there is yet a Year to run and the present Administration may
not have a Hydra Head—but the Labour of a Hercules will not restore to this people what
they will lose in the short period of four years. I see no chance for quiet no hopes for
Social Harmony. the bitterness of Party thirsts for more than the cooling Stream— the
Spirit of Party, is blind and deaf, but not dumb.
Where we are to land I know not— how mean does Dallas appear with his prostituted name to the address, prostituted it must have been now, or when he united with the Bar in his petition to arresst the repeal of the Judiciary—5 I am ready to ask is there any Principle? any honour any thing like what I call virtue in a Jacobin? The Rogues have fallen out, but will honest Men obtain their Rights? What a Scene does Callender unfold, if still a Lyar. he has the art of wearing the plain unvarnishd tale of truth when writing against the former administrations. he call’d not upon his adversaries to deny his assertions— he dared not challenge them to the contest. he skulked in the dark, and Scatterd his poison only amongst those whom he knew it would opperate upon— I have not a worse, nor so bad an opinion of him, as of his base low mean employer; out upon him, let him be accursed amongst Men and his name a reproach— I have removed every vestage of him out of sight—
You will be weary of my reproaches I have done— I pray you to present my Regards to all the good people of my acquaintance and be assured of the / affection of your / Mother
RC (Adams
Papers); addressed: “Mr Thomas B Adams / Philadelphia”; endorsed: “Mrs: Abigail Adams / 10th:
October 1802 / 21st: Recd /
24th: Ansd:.”
TBA’s letter to AA has not been found. His letter to JQA was likely that of 26 Sept., not found ( JQA to TBA, 5 Oct., and note 1, above).
JQA reported an alarm of yellow fever in a Boston neighborhood on 1 Sept. and on 22 Sept. wrote that some had left the city due to the report (D/JQA/24, APM Reel 27).
Meriwether Jones (1766–1806) was a prominent
Democratic-Republican in Virginia, where he was the state’s public printer and a
former member of the Va. House of Delegates (Jefferson, Papers
,
40:569).
For JQA’s candidacy in the Massachusetts congressional elections, see AA to TBA, 7 Nov., and note 3, below.
An address “To the Republicans of Pennsylvania” in the
Philadelphia Aurora General Advertiser, 27 Sept., called
on Democratic-Republicans to put aside their differences and elect party members in
the upcoming election or face a return of a Federalist “reign
of terror.” Alexander James Dallas was one of eight Philadelphia
Democratic-Republicans who signed the address, which was immediately published as a
pamphlet. Under JA, the address claimed, “the law itself, assumed the
form of a weapon made for the federalists alone to wield.” When JA made
his late-term judicial nominations, “the midnight hour was invaded, to rivet the last
fetter upon a rival administration” by creating “a judicial fortress, within which the
routed federalists might safely repose, and from which the triumphant republicans
might be successfully annoyed.” Federalists answered in the Philadelphia Gazette of the United States, 2 and 5 Oct., identifying the
author as Dallas and arguing the address was “false in its premises and its
conclusions, from beginning to end” (The Address of the State
Committee of Republicans … of the State of Pennsylvania on the Concerns of the
Election of 1802, [Phila.], 1802, Shaw-Shoemaker, No. 2134). For Dallas’ support of the 2 Feb. petition by
members of the Pennsylvania bar opposing the repeal of the Judiciary Act of 1801, see
TBA to
JA, 15 Feb. 1802, above.
th:October 1802.
Mr: Walter who had been in the City
several days, while I was absent, called at my dwelling & left your favor of the
5th: instt: yesterday. I am
sorry, that he proceeded to Washington without my seeing him, but he promises me this
pleasure on his return.
I have now returned to my old haunts for the season, and though we cannot yet boast of perfect health in the City, there is reason to believe, that no epidemic lurks among us. People will believe, in spite of sense & reason, that our fevers are imported, and whatever creed may be the true one, flight from our Cities, during the Autumnal months, seems to be the best chance for longevity.
I have examined and compared with the original, the facetious
imitation, enclosed in your letter. It would make a good figure in the Recorder, where I
have some thoughts of letting it make its first appearance. Dennie is absent, and the
Port Folio comes out so irregularly, that the ode, or rather the subject of it, might
grow stale ere it came out. If I conclude to send it to Richmond, I will take a copy of
it and retain the original.1 It signifies
nothing to disclose and 231 ridicule the scandalous characters of the sect now
in power. Their infamy only assimilates them to those by whom they are promoted, and I
verily believe, that the present favorites of the people of this Country, are their most
legitimate & fittest representatives. I hope you are not suffering yourself to be a
candidate for such company; but the newspapers say, that such is the fact. I cannot
undertake to judge of your motives, but unless they are more cogent, than such as
present themselves to my mind, as inducements to the acceptance of a preferment of this
nature, I must think, that you are a convert to the sentiment of Dr Jarvis, respecting the love of popularity.2
I know it is the fashion in Boston to nominate persons for office in the newspapers without asking their leave, and it is not customary for those designated, publicly to decline. The knowledge of these facts induces me to think, that you reserve to yourself the privilege of declining, at a fit season, whatever honors the populace may, in their abundant generosity, confer upon you, without your solicitation. I am thus pointed on this subject, because I have undertaken to pledge myself to several people here, that you will not go to Congress, and I am so firmly persuaded in my own mind, that you have no wish to go, that even should my expectations fail, I shall not attribute to choice any determination you may make to the contrary.
Our State, City & general elections have gone in favor of the Irish interest. Duane was one of the judges of the Election, to decide upon the qualifications of voters. Between four & five hundred Irish were naturalized only three days before the election, in this City alone, and their votes turned every election in favor of the Jacobins.3 The Delaware Election was carried in the same way, by the same means, and though a few native Democrats see and pretend to lament this foreign influence not a man of the party would dispense with its aid.4 We are such weathercock politicians in this state, that we shall never have a clear sky again until a breeze springs up from some other point of the Compass. If the same rabble were suffered to vote in New England as under the Constitution of Pennsylvania, I should soon expect to see an end to steady habits there.
I beg pardon for writing a political letter to you. One would think from my display of zeal, that I was making my fortune by an adherence to federalism; when the contrary of this is in fact the case.
I have already subscribed for Bradford’s meditated edition of Burke, and shall thank you to relieve me from my subscription by taking the work yourself. It is not certain that it will go on. The life of Washington is likely to prove the death of Bradford’s project.5
232I never obtain a sight of a Boston newspaper unless it be the
Palladium, which I do not like. Those numbers you speak of, I must see, and therefore
you may as well send them to me. If I had received them in season, I would have made them republished. Bronson & Chauncey will do me
a personal favor, if requested.6 You have
doubtless read A J Dallas’s fulmination in the Aurora, just preparatory to the triumph
of lunacy here, and I should like to know what you thought of it. Your Yankee Jacobins
are timorous animals in comparison with ours.
With best love and affectionate remembrance to all friends / I am, dear Brother / Yours
RC (Adams
Papers); addressed: “John Q Adams Esqr: / Boston”;
internal address: “J. Q Adams Esqr:”; endorsed: “Thomas—
20. Octr: 1802 / 27. Octr:
recd: / 30 Do: Ansd:.”
TBA did not submit JQA’s pseudonymous
attack on Thomas Jefferson to James Thomson Callender’s Richmond, Va., Recorder, but see
JQA to TBA, 5 Oct., and
note 2, above (
TBA to
JQA, 30 Nov., below).
Prominent Boston Democratic-Republican Dr. Charles Jarvis was
said to have an unwavering adherence to political principle even at the cost of
popular support (vol. 8:413;
“Dramatic Reminiscences, No. II,” The New-England
Magazine, 2:224 [March 1832]).
Between 9 and 11 Oct. more than 350 foreign residents became
naturalized U.S. citizens in the Philadelphia Court of Quarter Sessions, most of whom,
according to the press, were Irish and all of whom were immediately eligible to vote
in the 12 Oct. state elections. The wave of naturalizations resulted from Congress’ 14
April repeal and replacement of the 18 June 1798 Naturalization Act, one of the Alien
and Sedition Acts, thereby reducing the residency requirement for citizenship from
fourteen years to five. William Duane was one of seven election judges in Philadelphia
who were responsible for ensuring voter eligibility. Democratic-Republicans emerged
victorious across Pennsylvania; Gov. Thomas McKean was reelected, soundly defeating
James Ross, and the party won every seat in the state’s congressional delegation and
state senate and 77 of 86 in the Penn. house of representatives (Philadelphia Gazette of the United States, 11, 13 Oct. 1802;
U.S. Statutes at
Large
, 1:566, 2:155; Laws of the Commonwealth
of Pennsylvania, 10 vols., Phila., 1810–1844, 3:340, 342–343; Sanford W.
Higginbotham, The Keystone in the Democratic Arch:
Pennsylvania Politics, 1800–1816, Harrisburg, Penn., 1952, p. 46–47).
In the October congressional election in Delaware,
Democratic-Republican Caesar Augustus Rodney defeated incumbent James Asheton Bayard
to win election to the House of Representatives. The Philadelphia Gazette, 7 Oct., speculated that Rodney’s success was due in part
to “the astonishing influence of foreigners, 300 of whom it is alledged, have been
naturalized there during the present year” (A
New Nation Votes).
TBA and JA subscribed to John
Marshall’s The Life of George Washington, 5 vols.,
Phila., 1804–[1807], after printer Caleb Parry Wayne advertised in the Philadelphia
Gazette of the United States, 22 Sept., that a
publication agreement had been reached after two years of negotiations with Bushrod
Washington and Marshall to purchase the copyright to George Washington’s papers and
the biography that derived from them. Marshall did not complete the work until 1807,
and sales did not meet the expectations of any of the parties (Wayne, The Life of George Washington: Maps and Subscribers’ Names,
Phila., 1807, p. 5, 22; Marshall, Papers
, 6:219–221).
Enos Bronson (1774–1823), Yale 1798, and Elihu Chauncy
(1779–1832), Yale 1796, were the publishers and editors of the Philadelphia Gazette of the United States (Dexter, Yale Graduates
, 5:186,
323).